Sentinel Waggon Works Ltd is a British company based in Shrewsbury, Shropshire that makes steam-powered trains, railroad locomotives, and then, diesel-powered trucks and locomotives.
Video Sentinel Waggon Works
Histori
Alley & amp; MacLellan, Sentinel Works, Jessie Street Glasgow
Alley & amp; MacLellan was founded in 1875 and is based in Polmadie, Glasgow. The company continued to operate until the 1950s. Originally producing valves and compressors for steam engines, and then all steamers, Alley & amp; MacLellan acquired Simpson and Bibby of Horsehay, a producer of steam-powered road vehicles, in 1903. They began producing steam road vehicles in 1905 and in 1906 introduced a 5-ton vertical boiler cart, featuring a 2-cylinder type engine and chain drive.
Around 1915 Alley & amp; McLellan moved the production of steam carts to a new factory in England and continued under a separate company (see below), and in 1918 the company also opened a third factory in Worcester specializing in valve manufacture. Both factory buildings were prefabricated in Glasgow for local assembly and in both cases the core employees of Scotland were transferred to new sites.
Alley & amp; MacLellan continued to operate at the original Sentinel Works on Jessie Street, Glasgow until the 1950s. They produce a wide range of engineering products including compressors, valves, etc. The name 'Sentinel' continues to be used for Glasgow's original work products until the mid-20th century.
Move to Shrewsbury
A new company Sentinel Waggon Works Ltd was formed when steam wagon production was transferred to a new factory, opened in Shrewsbury in 1915. There were other small changes to the name during the lifetime of the company when a further infusion of working capital was required to avoid financial problems.
Alley & amp; MacLellan's early wagon was so successful that it remained in production with little updates until the famous launch of the Super Sentinel in 1923. The company also produces steam and railway locomotives, for railroad companies and industrial customers.
In 1917, the company was bought by William Beardmore & amp; Co., Ltd.
Sentinel Waggon Works (1920) Ltd
In 1920, after financial problems, the company was reorganized as Sentinel Waggon Works (1920) Ltd. The Sentinel 'Super' model that followed in 1923 was assembled at a radical new plant in Shrewsbury, with a flow line based on Henry Ford's Model plant in Highland Park, Michigan, with 1,550 vehicles produced.
Sentinel, along with Foden, dominated the steam market, but in the 1930s saw the demise of the two companies as a new law forcing the development of lighter trucks, Sentinel lasted the longest.
In 1934, Sentinel launched a new and sophisticated steam - type S which features a single-acting 4-cylinder engine with longitudinal crankshaft and axle worm overhead drive. Their Waggon Works Sentinel design in 1935 resulted in the production of 3,750 Sentinel 'Standards' in the next seventeen years, the largest steam truck ever. It is lighter and features modern driver taxis with boiler set-back and is available in four, six and eight wheels, designated S4, S6 and S8. Despite its sophisticated design, however, it was unable to compete with contemporary diesel trucks for its versatile convenience and payload capacity, and was removed in the late 1930s. However, that was not the end of Sentinel's engagement with steam; the company built about 100 "S" types of vehicles for export to Argentina until the end of 1950, for use by the RÃÆ'o Turbio coal mine. It has been stated that Sentinel was never paid for the final batch of RÃÆ'o Turbio production. At least two RÃÆ'o Turbio carts survive in Argentina to this day.
In 1946 Thomas Hill signed an agent agreement with Sentinel for the repair and maintenance of diesel vehicles. In 1947, Sentinel offered to extend the agreement for diesel vehicles to include steam locomotives and agents received by Thomas Hill for sales and service.
Sentinel (Shrewsbury) Ltd
In 1947, the company became Sentinel (Shrewsbury) Ltd, and has developed a new series of diesel lorries. Although Sentinel had a remarkable vehicle, sales declined throughout the 1950s, and in 1956 the company was forced to stop lorry production. The plant was acquired by Rolls-Royce for the production of diesel engines, and the remaining stock of parts and vehicles was taken over by Sentinel's main dealer, North Cheshire Motors Ltd of Warrington, who formed the new company, Transport Vehicles (Warrington) Ltd, in 1957 to manufacture the design based on Sentinel under the name of TVW.
In 1963 Thomas Hill decided to renew the loko agreement and release the diesel vehicle body, focusing all efforts on steam locomotive work.
Rolls-Royce agrees to build a diesel locomotive
Despite various interesting developments, Rolls Royce does not consider railroad locomotives to be part of their core business. They had agreed to complete all of the steam chamber to order, and four steam-powered locomotives ordered by Dorman Long in 1956, but only after much consideration, Rolls-Royce finally agreed at the end of 1957 to design and build a locomotive diesel of equal weight and power to the 200 hp (150 kW) steam locomotive sold very well. Thomas Hill will assist in the design and development of this diesel engine and will be the sole distributor.
Last steam locomotive
In 1958 the last two Sentinel steam rooms were delivered to mark the end of an era. Two newly developed steam recipient loci were sent and proved to be very satisfactory in service, but Dorman Long was not happy. There is a change of heart among their engineers as well as changing circumstances, and they now love diesel locomotives. The last two steam locomotives are built but never delivered and eventually all four are converted into hydraulic diesel.
Diesel production begins
The Sentinel diesel locomotive prototype was built and ready to begin trials in the former Shropshire & amp; Montgomeryshire Railway (later under military control) in early 1959. It met with the approval and enthusiasm of prospective customers of the Company and before the end of the year 17 locomotives had been sold and shipped. The company is ready to produce a maximum of four locomotives per month.
In 1963 four different Sentinel diesel models were being produced, starting with 34 tons of drive chains 0-4-0 powered by Rolls-Royce C6SFL six-cylinder 233 bhp (174 kW) (gross) engine (later upgraded to 255 bhp (190 kW) ). This was followed within a year by a 48-6 ton 0-6-0 stem milling machine, equipped with a Rolls-Royce C8SFL 311 bhp (232 kW) (dirty) 8-cylinder engine (later upgraded to 325 bhp (242 kW)) ). Between 1963 and 1966 the fleet of this diesel locomotive, which eventually amounted to five 0-6-0 and 18 0-4-0, were supplied to Manchester's Canal Ship Company for use on a private railway navigation network.
This sentinel shows their suitability for heavy work, but heavier and stronger lockers are needed, especially by the steel industry, and before the end of 1963 a 74 0-8-0 ton was powered by 2 Machines x C8SFL and 40-ton 0-4-0 equipped with C8SFL engine has been added to the range.
Sentinel Steelman
A 600 hp (450 kW) 0-6-0 drive shaft engine is now being developed in Shrewsbury to use the new DV8T engine. The considerable interest in this workshop was revealed by Stewart and Lloyds' mineral division in Corby that operates over 20 steam loci, primarily of austerity type. This new locomotive Steelman was finally sent to Corby at the end of 1967, about two years late. Locomotive prototypes proved to be satisfactory and three more ordered by Stewart and Lloyds and one by Richard Thomas and Baldwin, Scunthorpe. With Stewart and Lloyds programs to replace more than 20 steam locomotives over the next few years, Steelman's future looks good.
Unfortunately for the Company and Rolls-Royce, British Railways, seeing the potential for Swindon's 14th grade hydraulic diesel locomotive made, Stewart and Lloyds offer 26 locomotives for about three years for a fraction of their initial cost. Locomotive Class 14 has been proven as a white elephant for B.R. but supported by 650 hp (480-kW) Paxman, Voith Transmission, a paired stem with 0-6-0 capable of performing the required work, it is an offer that can not be denied by Stewart and Lloyds. New locomotive sales are declining, and the release of such locomotives into industrial markets at such prices is a disaster, and unfortunately no more "Steelman" locomotives are built in Shrewsbury.
This is not the end of Steelman. About 12 years later ICI Billingham wanted two heavy locomotives to replace their aging Yorkshire Janus locomotives. Their stated desire is to buy the best and latest equipment available and in their efforts to achieve this goal, their engineers visit many industrial sites, and steel mills in particular. Their requirements are discussed with all British locomotive manufacturers, and the final result of their investigation is an order for the latest version of Sentinel Steelman locomotive. This order was later upgraded to two machines sent by the end of 1981.
Sentinel UK locomotive sales are now less than 10 per year, their only overseas success is licensing 36 0-6-0 locomotive assembly by Sorefame for the Portuguese Railway in 1965/66. This locomotive becomes CP Class 1150.
Maps Sentinel Waggon Works
Vehicle
Steam waggons
- Alley & amp; MacLellan 5-ton waggon (1906) - now commonly referred to as the "Standard" Sentinel
- Super Sentinel (1923)
- Sentinel DG4 (1928)
- Sentinel DG6 (1927)
- Sentinel DG8 (1929) - four-axle, world's first twin steer truck
- Sentinel S4 (1933)
- Sentinel S6 (1933)
- Sentinel S8 (1933)
Diesel truck
- Sentinel HSG (1938)
- Sentinel DV44 (1947)
- Sentinel DV46 (1949)
- Sentinel DV66 (1950)
- Sentinel aircraft tug
Diesel bus
- 32-seat Sentinel Bus (1924)
- Sentinel HSG (1935)
- Sentinel SLC4-40 (1948)
- Sentinel STC6-44 (1950)
- Sentinel SL Case (1951)
Railway vehicle
Locomotives and trains (with some exceptions) use steam boilers and standard steam engine units.
CE Class
Engine Center
BE Class
Balanced Engine
- LMS Sentinel 7164
Kelas DE
Double Machine
Steam Locomotive 100 hp
- Works not. 6515/1926, Isham Quarries, Northamptonshire, (ex-GWR No. 12)
- Works not. 6520/1926, "Toby" 0-4-0VG; Port of Par, Cornwall. (Replaced 1876 Manning Wardle 0-4-0ST "Punch", replaced by Bagnall 0-4-0ST "Alfred" and "Judy").
- Works not. 6807/1928, "Gervase"; rebuilt as a vertical rotating locomotive of 1900 Manning Wardle. (Moved to Kent & East Sussex Railway in 1972, and to Elsecar Steam Train in 2008.)
- Works not. 7026/1928, British Quarrying Co., Criggion, Montgomeryshire
- Works not. 7299/1928, Corby Quarries, Rockingham Forest, (ex-Phoenix Tube Works)
- Works not. 9365/1945, "Belvedere"; Isham Quarries, Northamptonshire, (ex-Thomas Hill, Rotherham): preserved at Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway Trust
- Works not. 9369/1946, "Musketeer"; Isham Quarries, Northamptonshire (ex-Williams & Williams, Hooton): preserved at Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway Trust
- Works not. 9615/1956, Ironstone Mine Oxfordshire, Banbury
- LMS Sentinel 7160-3
- Class Y1 LNER
- Class Y3 LNER
Steam Locomotive 200 hp
- LNER Class Y10
- S & amp; DJR Sentinel
- Works not. 7109/1927, Croydon Gasworks No. 37 "Joyce", preserved at the Norton Midsomer railway station
Railcars
- In 1925, the New Zealand Railway Department bought a Sentinel-Cammell steam train that belonged to its RM class.
- Between 1925 and 1932, London and the North Eastern Railway purchased 80 Sentinel steam trains and four were supplied to the Cheshire Line Committee controlled by LNER.
- In 1928, Palestine Railways purchased two Sentinel-Cammell pressurized steam cars for local services. Each unit has two cars articulated over three bogies. Palestine Railways finds the format of the railcar inflexible, as if the number of passengers exceeding the capacity of the train was impractical to raise additional coaches. In 1945 the PR removed the Sentinel machine and transformed the train into a common stock.
- In 1933, Southern Railway purchased Sentinel-Cammell steam railcar for use in Devil's Dyke branch, in East Sussex. Although successfully operational, a single railcar is not large enough to meet the needs of this line. It was moved away from the line in March 1936 and tried in another area, but was withdrawn in 1940.
- In 1935 Ferrocarril Central del Paraguay (Paraguay Central Railway) acquired three oil-fired trains with trailers for suburban services between Asunción and Ypacarai.
- In 1951, the Egyptian National Railway bought 10 articulated steam vans. Each has three articulated cars over four bogies. One is preserved by the Quainton Railway Society at Buckinghamshire Railway Center, England.
Special
The Doble Shunter
- LMS Sentinel 7192 - so called because it comes with Abner Doble boiler
Dual Locomotive
Locomotives specially produced in Sentinel, for Dorman Long and named "Princess". It consists of 2 x 0-6-0 chassis coupled together to articulate. One unit carrying a taxi, Woolnough boilers 5 oil drums and two 100 hp (75 kW) engines. The other unit holds water tanks and fuel and two more 100 hp (75 kW) engines that provide a total of 400 hp (300 kW). It was considered an incredible machine by the staff, but unfortunately was the only one of its kind ever built.
Gyro locomotive
The other features are NCB Gyro or Electrogyro Locomotive . Based on a 200-hp (150 kW) 4-wheel 0-4-0 frame equipped with two "gyro units" (see Flywheel energy storage) manufactured by Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon from Switzerland. The gyros in principle are the horizontal wheel wheels 3 Ã, tons enclosed in a vessel filled with low pressure hydrogen. A three-phase electric motor/squirrel generator mounted vertically is directly coupled to each wheel axle. The motor takes power from the side-mounted supply on the static post through a four-contact swing arm extended or pneumatically pulled by the driver. Power can only be taken while the loco is stationary next to one of these posts. When the gyros have reached the required speed, the driver will retract the contact sleeve, change the motor to the generation and control the locomotive in a manner similar to the diesel-electric locomotive. Postage should be placed strategically around the site. A contact sleeve is provided on each side of the locomotive, although it is not clear whether the mounting is mounted on either or both sides of the track. Each gyro operates between 3,000 Ã, rpm when fully charged; and 1,800 Ã, rpm before recharging. Refill takes 2 / 2 Ã, minutes and the locomotive can work about 30 minutes before recharging. It weighs 34 tons and has a maximum speed of 15 mph (24 km/h).
This machine is specially made for National Coal Board (NCB) in Seaton Delaval. The goal is to investigate the use of gyroscopic storage as a potential method for flameproof and emission-free underground locomotives. It was operated from 1958, very satisfactory, but was eventually extracted from the service due to its limited site development and field of operations. In April 1965 converted to NCB to a hydraulic diesel engine.
The Receiver Locomotives
The Receiver Locomotives is another special type built only for Dorman Long and based on the idea of ​​Fireless locomotive.
Steam locomotive used by the British Line Company
- LNER Class Y1
- Class Y3 LNER
- LNER Class Y10
- S & amp; DJR Sentinel
- LMS Sentinel 7160-3
- LMS Sentinel 7164
- LMS Sentinel 7192
Preservation
Vehicle
A number of Sentinel steam vans and tractors are in conservation in the UK - about 117 in 2008. For example, the Sentinel Super steam truck is preserved no. 5676. They are often featured in UK steam shows. For more information, see the Sentinel Drivers Club website. A number also exist in Australia and other countries.
Railway locomotive
- United Kingdom
There are several surviving steam locomotives located on various railways around the UK, including: Elsecar Railway, Middleton Train, Foxfield Light Railway, and Chasewater Railway.
- South America
Three Sentinel steam locomotives are used in the Amsted Maxion railway plant in Cruzeiro, SP (Brazil). All three are locomotives 0-4-0T built in 1931 to 5Ã, ftÃ, 3Ã, in ( 1,600Ã, mm ). Two of them work until 2014. They are the last steam locomotive to operate commercially in Brazil until then. Once closed, they were purchased by ABPF (AssociaÃÆ'§ÃÆ' o Brasileira de PreservaÃÆ'§ÃÆ' £ o FerroviÃÆ'¡ria) after long negotiations that took more than a year. Now they are preserved in the ABPF stores in Cruzeiro, near the Amsted Maxion plant:
- Sentinel # 8398 - ex SPR no. 166 and EFSJ # 166; continued in number after 1960 in FNV and continued as No. 166.
- Sentinel # 8399 - former SPR No. 167 and EFSJ # 167; continued in number after 1960 in FNV and continued as No. 167.
- Sentinel # 8400 - ex SPR No. 168 and EFSJ # 168; continued in number after 1960 in FNV and in Amsted Maxion. After a failed effort to turn it into diesel power, it was withdrawn and disposed of at the plant facility.
See also
- Sentinel boiler
- Steam motors
- Thomas Hill (Rotherham) Ltd
- Steam locomotive set
- Rolls-Royce Limited
References
Source
- Ian Allan ABC from British Railways Locomotives, 1948 edition
Bibliography
External links
- English Truck: Sentinel
- Czech site about Skoda-Sentinel
- LNER Encyclopedia: LNER Y1 and Y3 Sentinel Shunter
- EXERCISE: Sentinel Steam Train
- Sentinel Waggon Works (BRC) history
- Photo archive from Sentinel steam waggons, diesel trucks, buses and trainers
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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