wheel sizes for similar motor vehicles or wheels have a number of parameters.
Video Wheel sizing
Pattern bolt
The bolt pattern determines the number and position of the mounting hole to allow the wheel to be swiped to the hub. Since bolts are spaced the same distance, the number of bolts defines the pattern. For example: smaller cars have three (CitroÃÆ'¡n 2CV, Renault 4, some Peugeot 106s and CitroÃÆ'¡n Saxos). The compact car may have four bolts. Most United States passenger cars have five bolts. Pickup trucks, large SUVs, and armored vehicles may have five, six, eight, or ten. It's unheard of to find a vehicle with more, like a large coal mining transporter who might have twelve.
Maps Wheel sizing
The bolt circle
The bolt circle is the notional circle determined by the position of the bolt. The center of each bolt is located on the circumference of the bolt circle. The important measurement is the diameter of the bolt circle (BCD), also called the circle diameter circle (PCD).
BCD can be expressed in millimeters or inches, and is usually given by the number of bolts. For example, MG MG 1974 has a 4/4.5 inch (4/114.3 mm) wheel hub, which means it has a 4-bolt pattern with a diameter of 4.5 inches (114.3 mm) bolt.
The most common BCD values ​​are 100mm (? 3.94 inches), 112 mm (4.41 inches) and 114.3 mm (4.5 inches). Many old English cars use 4 x 4 "
Lug nuts or bolts
The wheels must be fitted with the correct type of wheel nut on the wheel button, or bolts. Lug nuts (aka English wheel nuts) are usually flat, tapered (generally at 60 degrees and referred to as conical seats), or ball chairs, which means a flat, tapered, or spherical mounting surface respectively. Most Mercedes has a lug ball chair from the factory while most aftermarket wheels have a tapered lug design. The wrong wheel jaws for the wheel will not properly center it and cause wobble. Some manufacturers (eg Toyota and Lexus) have used a tapered nut for steel wheels and a flat wheeled nipple for alloy wheels.
Some aftermarket wheels will only match the smaller wheel nuts, or do not allow ordinary lug nuts to be properly torqued down because the socket will not go into the lug hole. Tuner lug nuts were created to solve this problem by using a special key to allow release and installation with a lug key or a standard socket. The design of the tuner wheel nut can range from bit style to multisided or spline drive, and sometimes mild for performance purposes.
Variation is the "wheel nut", which is almost universally used for alloy wheels in the UK. A standard hole nut on each wheel is replaced with a nut that requires a unique and unique key (usually a computer-designed round star shape) to attach and remove the nut. This helps to prevent wheel theft. However, a universal removal tool is available that holds the lock nut lock using the hardened left thread. The success of this depends on whether there is room to use it in the lug hole, and whether the manufacturer has inserted a freely spun outer casing into the lock. Keeping the right tools to lock and unlock the aftermarket nut, and a set of spare peanuts, with spare tires in the trunk of a car is recommended by the manufacturer.
Offset
The offset , measured in millimeters, can be negative or positive, and is the distance from the hub-mounted surface to the correct center of the rim. A positive offset means the mounting surface of the hub closer to the outer edge of the wheel, ie the wheel wraps around the hub and the deeper braking hardware; a negative offset means that the hub mounting surface is closer to the inside edge of the wheel and the wheels are more outward than inward.
When choosing an aftermarket wheel, the wheels with too few positive offsets will be closer to the edge of the fender, and one with too many positive offsets will be inserted inside the sepatbor and closer to the suspension component. Wheel width, offset and tire size all determine how a particular wheel/tire combination will work on a given car. The offset also affects the steering radius of the scrub and is recommended to remain within the limits allowed by the vehicle manufacturer. Since the offset wheels change the length of the levers between the center of the tire and the diameter of the steering wheel, the bumps, road imperfections and accelerations and braking force translated to the steering torque (bump-steer, torque-steer, etc.)) will change depending on the wheel offset. Likewise, the wheel bearing will see an increase in thrust load if the center of the wheel is moved away from the centerline of the bearing.
In other words, by using the offset wheel stock number as the starting point, the lower set off number makes the wheels stand out and with higher numbers, the sticks are less. (Lower the more, the higher the more.)
Wheel size
Size wheel is the diameter of the wheel in inches where the tire bead sits on the wheel. This measurement does not include rim flanges. Modern road tires have several sizes related to their size as specified by the tire code such as 225/70R14. The first number in the code (for example, "225") represents the width of the nominal tire in millimeters. This is followed by an aspect ratio (eg, "70"), which is the height of the side wall expressed as a percentage of the nominal width. "R" stands for radial and is related to tire construction. The last digit in the code (for example, "14") is the size of the rim measured in inches. The most popular wheel size in the US is R15. It is installed on 50% of US passenger cars and light SUVs. The second most popular wheel size is R16. The overall circumference of the tires will increase by increasing the specification of the tire. For example, increasing the width of the tire will also increase its circumference, because the height of the side wall is proportional length. Increasing the aspect ratio will increase the height of the tire and hence its circumference.
Replacing wheels on cars with larger ones, which can be done for improved perceived appearance or to allow for the installation of larger brake discs, may involve the use of tires with reduced profile numbers (often as low as 35%) to keep the overall turning radius in a few percent from the original tire. If this is not done, the accuracy of the gearing and the speedometer is affected. All other things being equal, the larger replacement wheels give you a harder ride because of shorter and rigid tire walls, in exchange for better handling and higher cornering limits due to the lower flex sidewall. In contrast, cars designed to have large wheels from scratch may have a more normal tire profile and provide smoother ride due to a larger tire rotation radius.
Or, sometimes smaller wheels are chosen for better performance, for example the Lowrider Culture
Some wheels also have a diameter that is quoted in mm compared to inches ("metric" wheels). An example of a typical tire size is 160/65r315, where '315' denotes the diameter of the wheel in mm.
Off-roading tires may use different measurement schemes: outer diameter times (by) footprint width, followed by rim size (all in inches) - for example 31x10.50R15. The disk size will be denoted as 8.5 "X 20.0". This means that the width (thickness) of the wheel is 8.5 inches and 20 inches in diameter.
A dub is a special wheel that has wheel sizes of 20 inches or larger; the term dub is a slang term for twenty. DUBS may come as an abbreviation for double-deuces , or 22 in wheels. DUB Magazine, an automotive fan magazine, takes its name from the term and covers mainly material related to urban vehicles and the people who own them.
Centerbore
Half the wheel is the size of the hole behind the wheel that centers it above the car mounting center. Some factory wheels have the same centerbore as the hub to reduce vibration by keeping the wheels in the center. Wheels with the correct centerbore to the car to be installed on them are known as hubcentric. The hubcentric wheels remove the stress of the wheel nuts, reducing the work of the wheel nuts to center the wheels to the car. The non-centric wheels are known as lugentriks, since the central task is performed by the wheel nuts assuming that their torque is correct.
The center on the aftermarket wheel must be equal to or greater than the hub, otherwise the wheels can not be mounted on the car. Many aftermarket wheels come with a "hubcentric ring" that locks or slid into the rear of the wheel to adapt the wheel with a larger centerbore to a smaller hub. This adapter is usually made of plastic but also in aluminum. Plastic rings provide only initial concentration, but are not strong enough to help support the wheel in the event of a high-speed hole blow. The strongest steel rings, and the medium aluminum
X-factor
Caliper Clearance (X-Factor): Number of permits mounted on wheels to allow disc brakes and vehicle caliper assemblies.
Load capacity
Load capacity is the amount of weight that a wheel will carry. This amount will vary depending on the number of lugs, PCD, material used and the type of axle used. Wheels used on the free-rolling axle shafts will carry more weight than the same wheels used on the drive or the vehicle's steering axle. All wheels will have load capacity stamped at the rear of the wheel. GVWR is a Weight Rating of Gross Vehicles. In the United States this information is required to be on the vehicle door plaque. Load capacity of the total number of wheels in the combined vehicle must meet or exceed the vehicle's GVWR.
Staggered wheel settings
Wheeled rods usually appear on the rear-wheel drive vehicle, when the rear wheels are 1 inch wider than the front. Such wheel settings can be found on the Ford Mustang, Infiniti G35, certain models of Mercedes and BMW, etc. A good example of such a combination of wheels is having 19x8 in front and 19x9.5 behind. Technically, the wider wheel on the back allows better grip with the road surface which is a performance benefit for better acceleration. Another setting option of staggered wheel fitment is to have larger diameter wheels on the back. For example, a vehicle may have 19-inch wheels in front and 18 inches at the rear. Such arrangements can be found in Chevrolet Corvette and Acura NSX. The wheel fitment feature is reeling:
- a better handle with a path for better acceleration;
- better cornering ability;
- the rear wheel can not be turned forward and vice versa;
- the front and rear wheels will have different tire sizes;
- in case of improper mounting the wheel can rub the suspension or wheel arch.
See also
- Plus Size
- Speedometer # Error - useful tire diameter formula, using tire code
- Tire code
- Uniform Tire Quality Uniform (UTQG)
References
External links
- Guide bolt pattern with vehicle
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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