Toyota Tacoma is a pickup truck manufactured in the US by Japanese car manufacturer Toyota since 1995. The first-generation Tacoma, model 1995Ã,½ to 2004, is classified as a compact pickup. The second generation is classified as medium size. Tacoma is Motor Trend Magazine's Truck of the Year for 2005.
In 2015, Toyota Tacoma is sold in the US, Canada, Mexico, Panama, Bolivia, Chile, and the French region of New Caledonia.
Video Toyota Tacoma
Generasi pertama (Januari 1995-Agustus 2004)
Tacoma was introduced in the US in February 1995 (market launch in March 1995) as a substitute for Hilux, previously marketed in the US under the name Toyota Pickup. Compared to Hilux, Tacoma is engineered with greater priority on driving quality, handling, comfort, and safety over roughness and load capacity. The design is intended to better suit the needs of the US and Canadian pickup truck market, where pickup trucks, especially compact and midsize models, are often used as private vehicles, and less exclusive for commercial, agricultural and off road use. The name is derived from the family name Coast Salish for Mt. Rainier in Washington state.
Construction began in 1989, after the launch of the fifth-generation Toyota Pickup in late 1988 and ended in 1994. Design work was done at Calty Design Research in California from 1990 to 1992, when Kevin Hunter's exterior design proposal was chosen in the fall of 1991 and in the form end, frozen for production in 1992. Patents for production design were filed in Japan in April 1993 and October 28, 1993 in the United States.
There are a total of three machines available for Toyota Tacoma:
- 2,4Ã, L four-cylinder rated at 142Ã, hp (106Ã, kW) and 160Ã, lb? ft (217Ã, N? m) of torque
- 2.7 Ã, L four-cylinder rated at 150Ã, hp (112Ã, kW) and 177Ã, lb? ft (240Ã, N? m) of torque
- 3.4 L V6 with a torque of 190 hp (142 kW) and 220 lb? ft (298 N m).
2.4 L gives 29 miles per US gallon (8.1 l/100 km; 35 mpg -imp ) (highway cycle), 2.7 L gives 26 miles per US gallon (9, 0 L/h) 100 km, 31 mpg -imp ) (highway), and 3.4 L delivered 22 miles per US gallon (11 L/100 km; imp ) (highway).
The two-wheel drive Tacomas (non-PreRunner models) have 5-stud wheel lug patterns and are available with 2.4L or 3.4L. Automatic and manual transmission is available. Four-wheel drive and PreRunner Tacomas have six-wheel lug patterns and are available with 2.7L and 3.4L engines. All PreRunner models and all Double Cabs are only available with automatic transmissions for the first generation while regular cabs and Xtracab four-wheel drive are available with manual or automatic transmission.
The truck frame is fully packed until soon after the spring springs spring back bracket where it transitions into a c-frame. The manual transmission of 3.4 V6 is R150F while the automatic transmission is A340F (Aisin code is 30-40LE). The aftermarket TRD supercharged 3.4L V6 produces 254 bph (189 kW) and 270 lb ft (366 N m). Since 1997, regular cabs are only available with 2.4L or 2.7L 4-cylinders. The TRD Off-Road package was introduced in 1998. This package adds rear-lock differentials and is only available for PreRunner models and four-wheel drives equipped with V6.
In the first few years of production, Tacoma sold very well, attracting many young buyers. The first-generation Tacoma underwent minor headlights from headlights to a flashing light in October 1996 on the 2WD model and a total of two cosmetic facelifts: the first in July 1997, and the second in October 2000. The facelift section mainly requires a grid ( model year of MY1998 and 2001) and tailgate badging and emblem (MY1998). Mechanical changes include switching to ignition without a distributor (coil-on-plug) in 1996 and in 1997 longer leaf springs. A passenger-side air bag was added in July 1997, and the driver's side airbag (standard from launch 1995) was "lowered". Most 4x4 models come with Automatic's Automatic Differential Disconnect (ADD) system after the 2000 model.
The PreRunner model was introduced for the 1998 model. PreRunner is a two-wheel drive that shares a higher suspension and lug pattern as a four-wheel drive. Along with the four-wheel drive model, it is also available with the TRD Off-Road Package which includes the rear locking differential, also introduced in 1998.
Designed to 1998 (by Yusuke Fukushima) as part of the facelift MY2001 (patented on 22 September 1998 at Japan Patent Office under # 0890798) is a new crew cabin model (four doors) which was added to the lineup in October 2000. Taxi crew, officially dubbed as a Double Cab model, featured four doors and a Tokico gas shock, while an expanded taxi was still opened with two doors and using Bilstein. The extended cabin features a 6 foot (1.8 m) bed while the crew cabin is fitted with a 5 foot 5 inch (1.65 m) bed. Many customers are disappointed with the small crew cabin beds, but most competitors share this shortcoming.
In October 2000, along with a front facelift, Toyota also unveiled a S-Runner trim package that included a 3.4 liter V6 engine. It comes with a 16-inch (410 mm) alloy wheels, and a 5-speed manual transmission with a Tokico gas shock. Only 800 were produced every month from September 2000 to August 2004. In 2003 Tacoma had gained 16.5 percent of sales from previous years. The popularity of Tacoma only increases in the next few years. In 2004 it was ahead of Nissan Frontier, and Dodge Dakota, but still 2.2 percent behind in sales to the Ford Ranger.
In 2008, Toyota proactively announced a 15-year unlimited mileage corrosion warranty for the 1995-2000 model due to inadequate corrosion and corrosion frame issues affecting over 800,000 Tacomas. Toyota will improve the framework or buy back the truck 1.5 times its KBB retail value. This was then extended to cover the 2001-2004 model year, but in these cases when the frame was found to be rusty to the point of perforation, the frame was replaced with a new one instead of a buy back.
On November 21, 2012, Toyota attracted about 150,000 medium-sized Tacoma pickup trucks from 2001 to 2004 models sold mainly in 20 US states. The recall involves a spare tire and how it can fall.
Maps Toyota Tacoma
Generasi kedua (Agustus 2004-Agustus 2015)
In 2000, Toyota began the development of second-generation Tacoma under Chikuo Kubota's chief engineer. The majority of development work is handled by Hino in Japan. Designers Shigeya Hattori and Hideo Karikomi of Hino won the internal design competition in 2001. The final design was frozen for production in 2002 and patents filed on July 3, 2003, with donkey assays tested from early 2003. The prototype was built later in 2003, with construction that ended in the second quarter of 2004.
On February 4, 2004 at the Chicago Auto Show, Toyota launched a larger and more powerful Tacoma. The new Tacoma is available in eighteen different configurations, which include three cabin configurations, four transmissions, two engines, and two bed lengths. Three cabin configurations consist of a regular cabin, access cabin, and dual cabin. Transmissions come in 4-speed automatic, 5-speed automatic, 5-speed manual, and 6-speed manual. The beds are: 6 foot long (1.8 m) bed, and a 5 foot (1.5 m) short bed. The Tacoma's 4.0-liter 1GR-FE V6 replaces the original 3.4 liter 5VZ-FE V6. The new V6 has many improvements, such as the tow rating of 6,500 pounds (2,948 kg), and a payload capacity of 1,650 pounds (748 kg). It produces 236 horsepower (176 kW) and 266Ã, lb? Ft (361 Ã, Â ± m) of torque. The smaller, but all-new 2.7-liter 2TR-FE 4-cylinder alternatives in the cheaper models are rated at 159 hp (119 kW) and 180 lb ft (244 N? M). torque.
Toyota also introduced the X-Runner trim, which replaced the sluggish S-Runner sales slower than the previous generation. The X-Runner features a 1GR-FE attached to a six-speed manual transmission, 18-inch alloy wheels (457 mm), down two inches from the factory and includes the X-Brace suspension package. Toyota also includes Down-Hill Assist Control (DAC) and Hill-Start Assist Control (HAC), with models equipped with an optional Toyota Racing Development (TRD) Off-Road package. DAC automatically applies braking during downhill while HAC prevents the vehicle from rolling backwards in the hills. Differential rear locking, or limited-slip differential are also some optional features. Each Tacoma is produced with a composite bed that includes a deck rail system with four tie clips, hook-pins, storage boxes. TRD packages equipped with Tacomas also have a 115V/400W electrical outlet in the bed. The tie down cleats are rated to store up to  £ 220 (100 kg).
Tacoma model 2006 is slightly different from the 2005 model. The 2006 model makes some standard options. Toyota also added 2 new interior colors for the 2007 model year. 2008 carry-ons model from 2007. For 2009 safety features are added and Tacoma no longer offers mechanically limited slip differentials but instead open differentials that use individual wheel braking to simulate mechanical LSD or "Auto -LSD ". The off-road TRD model continues to be equipped with rear differential locking. Second-generation Tacomas are assembled in Tijuana, Mexico and Fremont, California while plastic/composite beds are all built in Mexico. However, in August 2009 Toyota announced it would move its Tacoma production from Fremont to San Antonio, Texas.
A minor facelift comes for 2009, including a slightly revised grille on some models, new LED taillamps, and on the X-Runner model, TRD Offroad and TRD Sport including smoked headlamp trim. Additional audio input is now standard. Access Truck/Double Cab has two ceiling mounted speakers and an available backup monitor. Four new exterior colors are also added to the Tacoma.
After GM's bankruptcy, GM ended its joint venture with Toyota. Toyota, which requires additional production volumes at its plants in Texas and Mississippi, ends Corolla and Tacoma production at the Fremont plant. In 2010 all of Tacoma's production was transferred to a Toyota plant in Texas in San Antonio. Tacoma will be built side by side with the Tundra. This brings a total of about 1,000 new jobs to San Antonio
The 2012 model refresh features front bumper, headlamps, grille, hood, new interior, and shark fin antennas for SiriusXM satellite radio. The 2013 model comes with a touchscreen audio system and removes shark fin antennas and SiriusXM radio capabilities unless an optional Entune package is installed. The 2014 model comes with a new SR trim and for model 2015 the regular cabin model is discontinued.
In November 2016, Toyota USA completed a class action lawsuit for rust, agreed to examine and if necessary replace the rusted frame on the 2005-2010 models Tacomas, 2007-2008 MY Tundras, and 2005-2008 MY Sequoias in the US and its territories.
SG Automotive manufactures trucks with the same grille and headlamps called Huanghai Major in China.
Structural safety and integrity
Tacoma is standard with anti-lock brakes, brake aids, and electronic brake power distribution. For 2008, rollover sensors are added that will deploy the side curtain air bags at rollovers at Tacomas which are equipped with optional side airbags. Starting with the 2009 model year, all Tacoma displays the Toyota Star Safety System that adds Vehicle Stability Control and traction control. Front side grating airbags and side curtain airbags for both lines also become standard as well as active head restraints.
Given the smaller pickup trucks in the Tacoma category, damage testing for these sized trucks lags behind how well trucks are full size. However, in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) test of Tacoma and other small trucks, only the side airbags equipped with Tacoma received the highest overall rating of "Good" in the side impact test. Tacoma is also rated "Good" in frontal offset collision test. In 2009 with active head restrictions Tacoma was awarded IIHS's Top Levy Pick .
Paket TRD
Tacoma comes in two TRD packages: Sport and Off-Road. Sport is targeted more towards improving road performance, while Off-Road is more geared to the off-road enthusiast. Both are available in 2WD or 4WD, with rear differential electronic locking available in the Off-Road model.
TRD Sport package comes in two levels. The first level has matching grille with color, suitable colored front/back bumper, appropriate color door handle, matching mirror with color, Bilstein shock/struts, TRD interior, hood with spoon, A/C inverter in bed, sleeping rails with cleats, stainless steel exhaust tip and 17 "wheels.The second level includes the above and also adds crane packs (heavy oil and transmission), and high-duty heavy output alternators.The years 2005 to 2008 came with a completely correct mechanical model slip locking differential.The product model year 2009 onwards has an open differential with brake assisted "automatic limited slip" rear differential, similar to VSC system.
TRD Off-Road package includes chrome rear bumper, 16 "wheel, skid plate, chrome grille, rear differential lock, aluminum skid plate, and no cap cover.Exgressive spring springs are included, along with A-TRAC, Hill Descent only) and Hill Start assistance (only six speeds) Off-Road package has a smaller diameter roll bar compared to the Sport package, which provides more off-road wheel articulation and smoother ride but allows more body rolls of Ban All- Terrain and heavy duty front tow hook complete the package This package is not available in Double Cab model with bed length configuration.
TRD Extreme atau T/X Baja
From 2012 to 2014, Tacoma is offered in 1 of 1500 T | packages X STEEL. The package includes an uplifted suspension enhanced with Eibach springs and TRD Bilstein coil-overs in front and TRD Bilstein reservoir shocks on the back with additional leaf springs. The manic-key style wheel was also added wrapped in BF Goodrich All Terrains. The BAJA model also includes a stainless steel TRD muffler. The iconic STE shift button is also available for the 6-speed manual transmission model.
TRD Pro
The TRD Pro package is offered for the 2015 model. Based on TRD Off Road, the Pro package adds a 2 "front lift with 2.5-inch Bilstein front shock and 2.0 inch rear shock with long-range reservoir for extra wheel travel, all-terrain BFGoodrich tires on beads black and silver 16-inch -Out-style wheels, and TRD paint-back exhaust system. Upgraded cosmetics including Sport scooped hood, black badge, blackout lighting elements, TRD Pro matte-black grill with TOYOTA letters, and various interior parts TRD- badged TRD Pro Tacomas made.
Ironman Edition
In 2008, the "Ironman" edition was released, named after Ivan "Ironman" Stewart. Engine output increased to 304Ã, hp (227Ã,kW) and 334Ã, ft? Lb (453Ã, N? M) with the addition of TRD Supercharger and Magnaflow exhaust.
X-Runner
Toyota X-Runner is a limited production model. X-Runner is only available in three colors per year, and only five colors total. For models from 2005 to 2008, X-Runner is available at Speedway Blue, Radiant Red, and Black Sand Pearl. In 2008 for a model facelift in 2009, Radiant Red was replaced with Barcelona's Red Metallic. For the 2012 model year, Speedway Blue is replaced with Nautical Blue Metallic. X-Runner stopped in mainland US after model of 2013. The last X-Runner is offered in Canada for model year 2014 and in Hawaii (USA) for model year 2014/2015.
The main differences between X-Runner and other packages include tweaks to the suspension, hood scoop, ground effects kit, driving lights, sports wheels and tires, and a final drive ratio of 3.15 (3.73 for V6 PreRunner and 4X4). Toyota added an X-brace mounted on the back to reinforce the back (hence the name X-Runner). The chassis is more rigid by adding two additional support brackets to the frame. An optional large brake kit by TRD is also available on X-Runner; which consists of 332 mm slotted rotor and 4 piston caliper. BBK (large brake kit) designed by StopTech. The X-runner comes with Aisin RA60 6-speed manual transmission manufactured by Aisin Seiki Co.
Third generation (September 2015-present)
The new Tacoma was officially launched in January 2015 Detroit Auto Show with United States sales after in September 2015.
The truck features a new exterior profile that takes the stylish cues from the 2014 model of the 4Runner SUV and the 2014 Tundra model pickup as well as a much more aggressive and masculine display feature, with larger grille and new projector headlamps. Talent and beds are redesigned and feature a debossed Tacoma logo as well as an infusion spoiler. New character lines are also observed on trucks as well as air dams in front of the vehicle - these new features will likely help in additional fuel economy.
Under the hood Toyota offers a 2.7 Liter I4 paired with a 6-speed automatic transmission or an existing 5-speed manual and a 3.5-liter V6 that runs a Toyota D-4S system that switches from port to direct injection based on driving conditions and runs in the cycle Atkinson uses the VVT-iW variable valve timing. The 3.5 liter V6 produces 278 hp and 265 lb-ft of torque. This machine is offered in 6-speed automatic and manual transmission. Estimated city/highway/mpg combined EPA for automatic 4x2 is 19/24/21 and 18/23/20 for automatic 4x4. Under the SAE J2807 tow guideline, Tacoma can withdraw up to £ 6,800 (3,100 kg) with additional tow packs.
In addition, Toyota updated the truck frame by adding more high-strength steel to increase the rigidness of the truck and lower the weight. The body is also built using ultra-high strength steel to be integrated using a new hot stamping process that reduces weight. Toyota also updated the suspension, rear differential, and rear axle to improve truck road behavior while still keeping it off the beaten path. These trucks are available in 6 different trims, these are SR base, mid-level SR5, TRD Off Road, TRD Sport, Limited, and TRD Pro topping range. These trucks are offered in Cab and Double Cab access configurations with long or short bed sizes. Regular Cabin models do not get carried away for a new generation pickup. The inside of the pickup also underwent a total overhaul. Using the bar-hand theme, Toyota makes the interior of Tacoma more luxurious and adds a larger touchscreen display as well as an all new instrument panel. Soft touch material also replaces the previous generation's hard plastic. Skin options added. Toyota also uses acoustic windshields, better insulated doors, and more stripping weather to reduce road and wind noise. For the first time Toyota will offer double climate control in the newly refined Tacoma.
Unlike the 2nd generation model, the steering control (in 2016-2017) has reduced functionality, and therefore a disruption of convenience when trying to browse phone Contacts/Favorite Contacts. The D-pad steering control is no longer associated with the Entune system for browsing and selecting contacts. Instead, the driver must rely on voice control, or reach out to make adjustments to the Entune system to locate and select the appropriate contacts for making phone calls. Furthermore, the D-pad control no longer offers the ability to scroll playlists during USB or Bluetooth music playback. The driver must use the touch screen to select new album/artist/song.
The TRD Off Road trim model features a new field selection mode that allows the driver to choose between different types of terrain such as, loose rocks, mud and sand. Toyota also announced a new CRAWL mode that will allow drivers to drive trucks in difficult terrain while trucks manage braking and acceleration by themselves. In addition, the truck is also equipped with a lunar roof, keyless entries, Qi Wireless phone charging capabilities, lower tailgate, blind spot monitoring systems, standard backup cameras and GoPro holder (default).
Toyota also introduced TRD Pro version at the end of 2016 for the 2017 model year, which features a FOX patented Internal Bypass patent, TRD Pro cathedral exhaust, TRD Pro plate, rigid LED Industrial fog lamps, and 'TOYOTA' cultural heritage grille. The TRD Pro 2017 model is only available in double cab short bed configurations, with manual or automatic gear box in Barcelona Red Metallic, Super White, or Cement. Black leather with red accents and stitching is the only available interior option. For the 2018 TRD Pro model, Midnight Black Metallic and Cavalry Blue are new exterior colors available, with Barcelona Red Metallic and Cement discontinued.
The transition of Tacoma to its third generation occurs when this segment is growing. In 2014, the San Antonio plant built 105,796 Tacomas and the Steel plant was built 71,399 for a total of 177,195. By 2015, the San Antonio plant builds 110,911 and Baja builds 82,328 for a total of 193,239 built. In 2016, 191,673 Tacomas were sold in the US and Canada (along with 115,489 Tundras also built in San Antonio) and, with the medium-size segment rising as a whole, the San Antonio plant runs an extra-expensive Saturday shift to meet demand, running at 125% of capacity projected factories. The 2016 and 2017 models of Tacomas double-cab short-cabs are currently made in Tijuana (VIN starts at 3) and all other Tacoma configurations are made in San Antonio (VIN starts at 5). Toyota USA announced it is intended to increase production at the Tijuana plant by 2018 from about 100,000 to 160,000 Tacomas.
Toyota Racing Development
In 1998, Toyota added a new package from Toyota Racing Development (TRD) off road. Packages include road tires, 16-inch wheels, TRD reducer, differential rear locking, and TRD graphs.
In 2003 Toyota introduced the TRD sports package to the full-size Tundra pickup. This package was introduced in 2005 for Tacoma along with the launch of the newly redesigned Tacoma.
Supercharger TRD
Toyota Racing Development offers TRD supercharger for FJ Cruiser and Tacoma equipped with 4.0 liter V6 engine, available through Toyota dealer. Supercharger increases the output of Tacoma power to 304 hp (227 kW) from the original 236 hp (176 kW), and torque output to 334 lb ft (453 N m) and is now out of production.
The all-new TRD supercharger is compatible on all model trucks from 2005 to 2015 Toyota Tacoma, and from 2007 to 2009 model year SUV FJ Cruiser. This supercharger system displays the Eaton root rotating components in one integral part of the manifold, the iridium spark plug, and the five-rib drive serpentine belt system. This yields about 6 psi (0.41Ã, atm; 41,000 Pa) of the push pressure.
The supercharger, when installed by an authorized dealer Scion or Toyota, has the same warranty as a powertrain, five years or 60,000 miles (97,000 km), or a new car warranty balance, whichever is greater. When not installed by authorized dealers, the supercharger is covered by a 12-month parts warranty, 12,000 miles (19,000 km). The manufacturer's suggested retail price of the TRD supercharger is $ 4,500, excluding installation.
The TRD supercharger program is being discontinued for all vehicles, including Tacoma, as of June 2015.
Back To The Future Tacoma Concept
On October 21, 2015, Toyota and Universal Pictures celebrated the 30th anniversary of the movie series Back to the Future with the Toyota Tacoma Concept inspired by the original 1985 pickup Toyota made for the 1985 film. Tacoma 4WD 2016 was made re-use the same features and black paint trim, the HiLite KC driving light (modified with LED lighting), modified headlamps and taillights (according to 1985 version), Toyota cruising to the tailgate, and D-4S fuel injection the same, and inspired 1985 mudflaps. The only difference between the original concept and the 1985 concept was tires: Goodyear was featured in the 1985 film, while BF Goodrich was used on the concept. The concept also does not have a solid front axle like the original 1986 Pickup. Toyota notes that this is a one-off concept because there are no plans to offer it as a package or trim level.
US special forces use
During Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation Enduring Freedom, several Toyota Tacomas have been observed being used by US Army special forces units. Typically, they are Double Cab models, with SR5 and TRD packages.
Despite the fact that Hilux, where Tacoma was lowered, is very common in the Middle East, the special forces found it to be easier to buy Tacoma from American dealers, modify it appropriately, and send it to their territory. The gasoline engine used is much quieter than the diesel engines used in HMMWV and some Hilux models. It was modified by removing the factory radio, along with almost all exterior lights and door bell. The headlights have been modified to work in IR, to work with night vision. The engine is not modified, but the vehicle is equipped with a brush protector, Warn the crane, and rollbar with machine gun.
Sales
References
External links
- Tacoma global site
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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