North Carolina ( Ã, ( listen ) ) is a US state in the southeastern United States. It borders South Carolina and Georgia in the south, Tennessee to the west, Virginia to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. North Carolina is the 28th most widely and ninth state in the US state. The country is divided into 100 districts. The capital is Raleigh, which along with Durham and Chapel Hill is home to the largest research park in the United States (Research Triangle Park). The most populous city is Charlotte, which is the third largest banking center in the United States after New York City and San Francisco.
This state has various altitudes, from sea level on the coast to 6,684 feet (2,037 m) at Mount Mitchell, the highest point in North America east of the Mississippi River. Climate coastal plains are heavily influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Most countries are in humid subtropical climate zones. Over 300 miles (500 km) from the coast, the western part, the state mountains have a subtropical highland climate.
Video North Carolina
History
American-American Indian cultures are in the area around 1000 BC; beginning around 750 CE, Indian Indians-Mississippi Indians created larger political units with stronger leadership and more stable long-term settlements. During this time, important buildings were built as pyramids, flat buildings. In 1550, many American Indian groups lived in North Carolina, including Chowanoke, Roanoke, Pamlico, Machapunga, Coree, Indian Cape Fear, Waxhaw, Waccamaw, and Catawba.
Juan Pardo explored the area in 1566-1567, founded Fort San Juan in 1567 on the site of the Native American community Joara, a regional cultural area of ​​Mississippian in the western interior, near the present Morganton city. The fortress lasted only 18 months; the locals killed all but one of the 120 people Pardo has placed in a total of six forts in the area. The later expedition by Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe followed in 1584, in the direction of Sir Walter Raleigh.
In June 1718, Blackbeard pirates ran their flagship, Queen Anne's Revenge, foundered at Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, in the current Carteret County region. After the crew's foundation and supplies are transferred to smaller vessels. In November, after appealing to the governor of North Carolina, who promised safe haven and amnesty, Blackbeard was killed in an attack by troops from Virginia. In 1996 Intersal, Inc., a private company, discovered the remains of a possible vessel of Queen Anne's Revenge, added to the US National Register of Historic Places.
North Carolina became one of the Thirteen British Colonies and with the territory of South Carolina was originally known as the Province of Carolina. The northern and southern parts of the original province were separated in 1729. Originally inhabited by small farmers, sometimes having several slaves, oriented toward subsistence agriculture, the colony had no city or city. Pirates killed coastal settlements, but in 1718 the pirates had been captured and killed. Strong growth in the mid-18th century, as the economy attracted Scottish-Irish, Quaker, British and German immigrants. The colonists generally support the American Revolution, because the number of Loyalists is smaller than in some other colonies.
During the colonial period, Edenton served as the nation's capital beginning in 1722, and New Bern was elected the capital in 1766. The construction of the Tryon Palace, which served as the residence and office of the provincial governor William Tryon, began in 1767 and was completed in 1771. In 1788 Raleigh was elected as the new capital's place, because its central location protects it from coastal attacks. Formally established in 1792 as the capital and state capital, the city is named after Sir Walter Raleigh, a Roanoke sponsor, the "lost colony" on Roanoke Island.
North Carolina makes the smallest per capita donation for any state war, as only 7,800 people join the Continental Army under General George Washington; An additional 10,000 are served in local militia units under the leadership of General Nathanael Greene. There were several military acts, especially in 1780-81. Many Carolinian frontiersmen had moved west over the mountains to the Washington District (later known as Tennessee), but in 1789, after the Revolution, the state was persuaded to renounce its claims to the west. This leaves them to the national government so that the Northwest Territory can be regulated and managed nationally.
After 1800, cotton and tobacco became important export crops. The eastern part of the state, especially the Tidewater region, develops slave societies based on plantation systems and manual labor. Many color-free people migrate to the border along with their European-American neighbors, where the social system is looser. In 1810, nearly 3 percent of the free population consisted of color-free people, whose numbers were slightly over 10,000. The western region is dominated by white families, mainly Scottish-Irish, who operate small subsistence farms. At the beginning of the national period, the state became the center of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracies, with a strong Whig presence, especially in the West. After the Nat Turner Revolt in 1831, North Carolina and other southern states reduced the rights of free blacks. In 1835, the legislature withdrew their right to vote.
On May 20, 1861, North Carolina was the last of the Confederate states to declare secession from the Union, 13 days after the Tennessee legislature voted to secede. Approximately 125,000 North Carolinians serve in the military; 20,000 died in combat, most countries in Confederation, and 21,000 died of disease. The state government is reluctant to support the demands of the national government in Richmond, and the state is only a small battleground.
With the defeat of the Confederacy in 1865, the Reconstruction Era began. The United States abolished slavery without compensation to slave owners or reparations to the liberated. A Republican coalition of black free men, north carpet pockets, and local scalability controlled the state government for three years. The white conservative democrats regained state legislative powers in 1870, in part by Klux Klan violence and terrorism at the polls, to suppress black voices. The Republican Party was elected governor until 1876, when the Red Shirts, a paramilitary organization that emerged in 1874 and allied with the Democratic Party, helped suppress the black voice. More than 150 American blacks were killed in election violence in 1876.
Democrats are elected to the legislative office and governors, but populists attract voters are not happy with them. In 1896, a Beerourial-Republican Fusionist coalition won the governor's office. The Democrats regained control of the legislature in 1896 and passed legislation to impose Jim Crow and the racial segregation of public facilities. North Carolina 2nd district congressman voted for a total of four African-American congressmen during the later years of the nineteenth century.
Political tensions were so high that a small group of white Democrats in 1898 planned to take over the reign of Wilmington if their candidates were not elected. In the Wilmington Uprising of 1898, more than 1,500 whites attacked newspapers and black neighborhoods, killed many people, and fled from the white mayor and alliance of the Republic. They set up their own people and chose Alfred M. Waddell as mayor, in the only coup in US history.
In 1899 the state legislature passed a new constitution, with requirements for poll tax and literacy tests for voter registration that deprived most American blacks in the state. The exclusion of voting has far-reaching effects: it means that black Americans can not serve on a jury or in a local office. After a decade of white supremacy, many people forget that North Carolina once had a thriving middle-class blacksman. Blacks have no political voice in the state until after the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the 1965 Constitution Act were passed to enforce their constitutional rights. New in 1992, another African American was elected US Representative of North Carolina.
Like the rest of the Confederate, North Carolina has become a one-party state, dominated by the Democratic Party. Restless by the Civil War, the country continues with an economy based on tobacco, cotton and agriculture. Towns and cities remain a little to the east. Large industrial bases emerged at the end of the 19th century in the western region of Piedmont, based on a cotton mill established on the autumn line. Railways are built to connect new industrial cities. The country was the site of the first successful, severely powered, and sustained, first flight out of the air, by the Wright brothers, near Kitty Hawk on December 17, 1903. In the first half of the 20th century, many African Americans left the state. to go north for better opportunities, in the Great Migration. Their departure changed the demographic characteristics of many areas.
North Carolina was hit hard by the Great Depression, but New Deal Franklin D. Roosevelt's program for cotton and tobacco significantly helped the farmers. After World War II, the economies of the developing world rapidly, highlighted by the growth of cities such as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in Piedmont. Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill form the Research Triangle, a major area of ​​university and advanced scientific and technical research. In the 1990s, Charlotte became a major regional and national banking center. Tourism has also been a boon for the North Carolina economy as people flock to the coastal areas of the Outer Banks and Appalachian Mountains anchored by Asheville.
In the 1970s, partly driven by the slope of the national Democratic left, conservative whites started voting Republican for national candidates and gradually to more local Republicans. The Greensboro Sit play an important role in the Civil Rights Movement to bring full equality for black Americans.
Native Americans, the colonies were lost, and the permanent settlement
North Carolina is inhabited for thousands of years by continuing the culture of prehistoric native culture. Before 200 AD, they built a mound of land, used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Successful communities, including those from the ancient Mississippian culture founded in 1000 AD in Piedmont, continue to build or add to such mounds. In the 500-700 years prior to European contact, the Mississippian culture built large complex cities and maintained a vast regional trading network. Its largest city is Cahokia, located in Illinois currently near the Mississippi River.
Historically documented tribes in the North Carolina region include Algonquian-speaking tribes in coastal areas, such as Chowanoke, Roanoke, Pamlico, Machapunga, Coree, and Indian Cape Fear, which were first encountered by the British; Meherrin, Cherokee, and Tuscarora who speak Iroquoian from the interior; and Southeastern Siouan tribes, such as Cheraw, Waxhaw, Saponi, Waccamaw, and Catawba.
Spanish explorers traveling inland in the 16th century met the Mississippian cultural people in Joara, a regional head near present-day Morganton. The recording of Hernando de Soto was attested to his meeting with them in 1540. In 1567 Captain Juan Pardo led an expedition to claim the area for the Spanish colonies and to build another route to protect the silver mines in Mexico. Pardo made a winter base in Joara, which he named Cuenca . His expedition built Fort San Juan and left a contingent of 30 people there, while Pardo traveled further, and built and placed five other forts. He returned with a different route to Santa Elena on Parris Island, South Carolina, then central Florida of Spain. In the spring of 1568, the natives killed all but one of the soldiers and burned six strongholds in the interior, including one in Fort San Juan. Although Spain never returned to the interior, this effort marked the first European effort in the interior colonization of what became the United States. A 16th century journal by Pardo's scribe, Bandera and archaeological discoveries since 1986 in Joara have confirmed the settlement.
In 1584, Elizabeth I gave the plaque to Sir Walter Raleigh, named for the state capital, for land in North Carolina (currently part of the Virginia region). It was the second American territory that England sought to colonize. Raleigh founded two colonies on the beach in the late 1580s, but both failed. The "Lost Colony" fate of Roanoke Island remains one of America's most controversial historical mysteries. Virginia Dare, the first English child born in North America, was born in Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County was named for him.
In early 1650, settlers from the Virginia colony moved into the Albemarle Sound area. In 1663, King Charles II of England gave the charter to start a new colony in the continent of North America; it generally sets the North Carolina boundary. He named it Carolina in honor of his father Charles I. In 1665, the second charter was issued to try to resolve territorial questions. In 1710, due to a government dispute, the Carolina colonies began to split into North Carolina and South Carolina. The latter became a crown colony in 1729.
In the 1700s, a series of smallpox epidemics swept the South, causing a high death among Native Americans, who had no immunity to new diseases (it has become endemic in Europe). According to historian Russell Thornton, "The 1738 plague is said to have killed half of the Cherokee, with other tribes in the area suffering the same."
Colonial Period and Revolutionary War
After Spain in the 16th century, the first permanent European settlers in North Carolina were British invaders who migrated south from Virginia. The latter has grown rapidly and less land is available. Nathaniel Batts is documented as one of the first of these Virginian migrants. He settled south of the Chowan River and east of Great Dismal Swamp in 1655. In 1663, the northeastern region of the Province of Carolina, known as the Albemarle Settlement, was undergoing a full-scale UK settlement. During the same period, the English king Charles II gave this province to the Lords Proprietors, a group of nobles who had helped bring Charles back to the throne in 1660. The new province of "Carolina" was named in honor of the King Charles I. (Latin: ). In 1712, North Carolina became a separate colony. Except for the ownership of Earl Granville, it became a royal colony seventeen years later. The great rebellion took place in the state in 1711 known as the Cary Rebellion.
Differences in settlement patterns to the east and west of North Carolina, or Low Countries and highlands, affect the country's political, economic and social life from the 18th to the 20th century. Tidewater in eastern North Carolina is inhabited mainly by immigrants from the English countryside and the Scottish Highlands. The western region of North Carolina is inhabited mainly by Scots Scotland, England, and German Protestants, called "cohee". Arriving in the mid to late 18th century, the Scottish-Irish people from what is now Northern Ireland were the largest non-British immigrant group before the Revolution; The English indent waiter was the largest immigrant group before the Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, the English and Scottish Highlands in eastern North Carolina tended to remain loyal to the British Empire, due to long-standing business and personal relationships with Britain. British settlers, Welsh, Scotland-Ireland, and Germany to the west of North Carolina tend to favor American independence from Britain.
Most British colonizers have arrived as contract workers, hiring themselves as laborers over a fixed period to pay for their travel expenses. In the early years the line between the obligatory helper and slave or African worker was fluid. Some Africans were allowed to gain their freedom before slavery became the status of a lifetime. Most of the free-colored families formed in North Carolina before the Revolution were descendants of a union or marriage between free and free African or African-American slaves or slaves. Because the mothers are free, their children are born free. Many migrate or descendants of migrants from colonial Virginia. As the flow of labor contracts to the colony declined with improving economic conditions in England, the planters imported more slaves, and the state law's description of free and slave status was tightened, effectively deflecting the latter into a racial caste. Economic growth and prosperity are based on forced labor, first devoted to tobacco production.
On April 12, 1776, the colony became the first to instruct its delegates to the Continental Congress to elect independence from the British Empire, through the Halifax Resolution adopted by the North Carolina Provincial Congress. The dates of these events are enshrined in state flags and state caps. Throughout the Revolutionary War, fierce guerrilla warfare erupted between pro-independence groups and pro-British colonies. In some cases, war is also an excuse for resentment and personal rivalry. The great American victory in the war took place at King's Mountain along the North Carolina-South Carolina border; on October 7, 1780, a force of 1000 mountain men from western North Carolina (including what is now called the state of Tennessee) and southwestern Virginia defeated the forces of some 1,000 British troops led by Major Patrick Ferguson. Most of the soldiers who fought for the British in this battle were the Carolinites who remained loyal to the Crown (they were called "Tories" or Loyalists). The American victory at Kings Mountain benefits the colonists who love American independence, and that prevents the British Army from hiring new soldiers from Tory.
The road to Yorktown and American independence from Great Britain lead through North Carolina. When the British Army moved north from victories in Charleston and Camden, South Carolina, the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia prepared to meet them. Following General Daniel Morgan's victory over British cavalry commander Banastre Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on 17 January 1781, southern commander Nathanael Greene led the United Kingdom Charles Cornwallis across the heart of North Carolina, and away from the last supply base in Charleston, southern Karolina. This campaign is known as "The Race to the The" or "The Race for the River."
In the Battle of Ford Cowan, Cornwallis encountered resistance along the banks of the Catawba River at Ford Ford on February 1, 1781, in an attempt to involve General Morgan's forces during a tactical withdrawal. Morgan has moved to the northern part of the country to join forces with new forces recruited by General Greene. General Greene and Cornwallis finally met at the Battle of the Guilford Courthouse in Greensboro today on March 15, 1781. Although British troops took control of the field at the end of the battle, their victims were in the hands of a disabling superior Continental Army.. After this "Pyrrhic victory", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect its battered troops. This decision would result in the ultimate defeat of Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia, then in 1781. The Patriots victory there ensured American independence.
Prewar period
On November 21, 1789, North Carolina became the twelfth state to ratify the Constitution. In 1840, he completed the State House building in Raleigh, still standing today. Most of the North Carolina slave owners and large estates are located in the eastern part of the state. Although the North Carolina plantation system is smaller and less cohesive than Virginia, Georgia, or South Carolina, large concentrations of planters are concentrated in the area around the port cities of Wilmington and Edenton, as well as suburban farmers around the cities of Raleigh, Charlotte, and Durham in Piedmont. Planters with large plantations held significant political and socio-economic power in North America before the war, which is a slave society. They place their interests above those who are generally non-slave-holding "yeoman" farmers in western North Carolina. By the middle of the century, the country's rural and commercial areas were linked by the construction of a 129-mile (208 km) wooden road, known as the "peasant railway line", from Fayetteville east to Bethany (northwest Winston-Salem). ).
In addition to slaves, there are a number of color-free people in the state. Most were from independent African Americans who had migrated along with neighbors from Virginia during the 18th century. The majority are descendants of unions in the working class between white women, compulsory or free aides, and African men, obliged, slaves or free. After the Revolution, Quakers and Mennonites worked to persuade slave owners to free their slaves. Some were inspired by their efforts and the language of the Revolution to regulate their slave liberation. The number of free-colored people rose sharply in the first few decades after the Revolution.
On October 25, 1836, construction began at Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad to connect the port city of Wilmington to the state capital of Raleigh. In 1849, the North Carolina Railroad was created by legislative action to extend railroads west to Greensboro, High Point, and Charlotte. During the Civil War, the Wilmington-to-Raleigh railway stretch will be vital to the Confederate war effort; supplies shipped to Wilmington will be transferred by train through Raleigh to the capital of the Confederation of Richmond, Virginia.
During the prewar period, North Carolina was a very rural country, even by Southern standards. In 1860 only one city of North Carolina, the port city of Wilmington, had a population of over 10,000. Raleigh, the state capital, has more than 5,000 residents.
While slaveholding is slightly concentrated than in some Southern countries, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population 992,622, are enslaved African Americans. They live and work mainly in plantations in eastern Tidewater. In addition, 30,463 colored people live in the state. They are also concentrated in the eastern coastal plains, especially in port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where jobs are available. Free African-Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state deprived them of their right to vote in the aftermath of the 1831 slave uprising led by Nat Turner. The southern slave code was criminalized for the intentional murder of a slave in many cases.
American Civil War
In 1860, North Carolina was a slave state, in which one-third of the population were enslaved. This is a smaller proportion than in many Southern countries. The state did not choose to join the Confederate until President Abraham Lincoln called for it to invade his twin, South Carolina, to be the last or last state to formally join the Confederacy. The "last to join Confederate" title has been disputed; Despite Tennessee's informal separation on May 7, 1861, preceding the official separation of North Carolina on May 20, the Tennessee legislature did not officially choose to break away until June 8, 1861.
North Carolina is the scene of several battles, but it provides Confederates with at least 125,000 troops, far more than any other country. About 40,000 of the troops died: more than half the disease, the rest from battlefield wounds and from starvation. North Carolina also supplies about 15,000 Union troops. Chosen in 1862, Zebulon Governor Baird Vance sought to maintain state autonomy against Confederate President Jefferson Davis in Richmond.
After the secession, some North Carolinians refused to support the Confederacy. Some yeoman farmers in the mountains of the state and western Piedmont region remained neutral during the Civil War, while some secretly supported Union goals during the conflict. About 2,000 North Carolinians from western North Carolina are registered in the Union Army and fight for North Korea in the war. Two additional Union Army regiments were raised in the coastal areas of the country, occupied by Union forces in 1862 and 1863. Many slaves fled to Union lines, where they became free.
Confederate forces from all parts of North Carolina serve in almost all major Northern Virginia Army battles, the most famous Confederate army. The biggest battle that fought in North Carolina was in Bentonville, which was a futile effort by Confederate General Joseph Johnston to slow the progress of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman through Carolinas in the spring of 1865. In April 1865, after losing the Battle of Morrisville, Johnston surrendered to Sherman at Bennett Place, in what is now Durham. The port city of North Carolina, Wilmington, was the last Confederate port that fell to Union, in February 1865, after Union won the nearby Fort Fisher Second Battle, its main defense downstream.
The first Confederate soldier killed in the Civil War was Pvt. Henry Wyatt of North Carolina, in the Great Bethel Battle of June 1861. At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the 26th North Carolina Regiment participated in Pickett/Pettigrew Pick and advanced farthest to the line north of the Confederate regiment. During the Battle of Chickamauga, the 58th North Carolina Regiment advanced farther than any other regiment on Snodgrass Hill to push back the remaining Unity forces from the battlefield. At Appomattox Court House in Virginia in April 1865, the Northern Regiment of North Carolina, a cavalry unit, fired the last shot of the Northern Virginia Confederate Army in the Civil War. For years, the North Carolina Carolinians proudly boasted that they had been "First in Bethel, Oldest in Gettysburg and Chickamauga, and Last on Appomattox."
Maps North Carolina
Geography
North Carolina borders South Carolina to the south, Georgia to the southwest, Tennessee to the west, Virginia to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The US Census Bureau puts North Carolina in the Southern Atlantic division in the south.
North Carolina consists of three major geographical regions: the Atlantic coastal plains, which occupy the eastern part of the country; the central Piedmont region, and the Mountain area to the west, which is part of the Appalachian Mountains. The coastal plain consists of a more specific-defined area known as the Outer Banks, a series of narrow sandy islands separated from the mainland by sound or inlets, including Albemarle Sound and Pamlico Sound, the tidewater area, the original home of the flytrap venus, and the inner coastal plain , where the longleaf pine tree is original.
So many ships were missing in Cape Hatteras that the area was known as the "Atlantic Tomb"; more than 1,000 vessels drowned in these waters since the record began in 1526. The most famous is the Queen Anne's Revenge (the flagship of the Blackbeard pirates), which ran aground at Beaufort Inlet in 1718.
The transition of the coastal plain to the Piedmont region along the Atlantic Coastline line, the height at which the waterfall first appeared in rivers and streams. The Piedmont region in central North Carolina is the most populous state region, containing the country's six largest cities by population. It consists of soft-rolled countryside that is often broken by hills or low mountains. The small, isolated, and deeply eroded mountains and peaks are located in Piedmont, including the Sauratown Mountains, the Mount Pilot, the Uwharrie Mountains, the Crowder Mountains, the King's Pinnacle, the Brushy Mountains and the South Mountains. The Piedmont ranges from about 300 feet (91 m) in altitude in the east to about 1,500 feet (460 m) to the west.
The western part of the state is part of the Appalachian mountains. Among the sub-terrains of the Appalachians located in the state are the Great Smoky Mountains, the Blue Ridge Mountains, and the Black Mountains. The Black Mountains is the highest in the eastern United States, and culminates in Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m), the highest point east of the Mississippi River.
North Carolina has 17 major river basins. The five basins to the west of the Blue Ridge Mountains flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, while the rest flowed into the Atlantic Ocean. Of the 17 basins, 11 are from the state of North Carolina, but only four are completely on the border of the country - Cape Fear, Neuse, White Oak, and Tar-Pamlico basin.
Flora and fauna
Climate
The altitude above sea level is the most responsible for temperature changes across the state, with the coolest mountain areas throughout the year. Climate is also influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf Stream, especially on the coastal plains. These influences tend to cause warmer winter temperatures along the coast, where temperatures only occasionally fall below freezing at night. The coastal plains average about 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice every year, and in a few years, there may be no snow or ice at all.
The Atlantic Ocean has a smaller influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hot summers and winters colder than along the coast, although the maximum daily average is still below 90 Â ° F (32 Â ° C) in part great location.
North Carolina suffers bad weather in summer and winter, with summer bringing storm threats, tropical storms, heavy rain, and floods. The devastating storms that struck North Carolina include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the latter being the strongest storm ever to occur in the state, as Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel ranks the most destructive of the 21st century..
North Carolina averages less than 20 tornadoes per year, many of which are produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plains. Tornadoes from storms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by mountains, which tend to break the storm as they attempt to cross; the storm will often reshape to the east. A phenomenon known as "cold air blocking" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.
In April 2011, the worst tornado outbreak in North Carolina history occurred. Thirty confirmed tornadoes touched, especially in East Piedmont and Sandhills, killing at least 24 people.
Demographics
The US Census Bureau estimates that the population of North Carolina is 10,146,788 on July 1, 2016, a 6.4% increase since the 2010 Census. Of those living in North Carolina, 58.5% were born in North Carolina, 33.1 % born in other US states, 1.0% born in Puerto Rico, US Island territory, or born overseas to American parents, and 7.4% born in other countries.
Ethnicity
Demographics of North Carolina includes various ethnic groups residing in North Carolina, along with relevant trends.
Country's racial composition in Census 2010:
- White: 68.5% (65.3% non-Hispanic whites, 3.2% Hispanic White)
- Black or African American: 21.5%
- Latin America and Hispanics of any race: 8.4%
- Some other races: 4.3%
- American Multiracial: 2.2%
- Asian Americans: 2.2%
- Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders: 1%
Language
In 2010, 89.66% (7,750,904) North Carolina residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as the primary language, while 6.93% (598,756) spoke Spanish, 0.32% (27,310) French, 0.27% (23,204) German, and Chinese (including Chinese) are used as the primary language by 0.27% (23,072) of the population over the age of five. In total, 10.34% (893,735) of North Carolina residents aged 5 years and older spoke a mother tongue other than English. North Carolina is also home to a diverse spectrum of dialects from South American English and Appalachian English.
Religion
The inhabitants of North Carolina, like other southern countries, have historically been Protestant, Anglican, Baptist and Methodist historically since colonial times. At the end of the nineteenth century, the largest Protestant denomination was Baptist. After the Civil War, black Baptists were not allowed in white churches, because of their separation, and established their own independent congregations. Black Baptists went on to develop their own country and national associations, to be free from white surveillance.
While the Baptists in total (counting both blacks and whites) have retained a majority in this part of the country (known as the Bible Belt), people in North Carolina practice a wide variety of religions, including Judaism, Islam, Baha'i, Buddhism and Hinduism. In 2010 the Southern Baptist Church was the largest denomination, with 4,241 churches and 1,513,000 members; the second largest is United Methodist Church, with 660,000 members and 1,923 churches. The third is the Roman Catholic Church, with 428,000 members in 190 trials. The fourth largest is the Presbyterian Church (USA), with 186,000 members and 710 trials; This denomination was carried by Scottish-Irish immigrants who settled inland in the colonial era.
The state also has a special history with the Moravian Church, as these faith settlers (mostly from Germany) found a home in the Winston-Salem region of the 18th and 19th centuries. The Presbyterian, historically Scottish-Irish, has had a strong presence in Charlotte and in Scotland County.
Today, the rapid influx of northerners and immigrants from Latin America continually increases ethnic and religious diversity: the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in the state has increased, as well as the diversity of religions in general. The second largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after the Baptist tradition is Methodism, which is strong in northern Piedmont, especially in the densely populated Guilford County. There are also a large number of Quakers in Guilford County and northeastern North Carolina. Many state universities and colleges have been established in religious traditions, and some currently retain affiliations, including:
The state also has several major seminaries, including Southeastern Baptist Theology Seminary in Wake Forest, and Hood Theological Seminary (AME Zion) in Salisbury.
The most populous region
In 2016, the US Census Bureau released a 2015 population calculation for the North Carolina region. Mecklenburg County has the largest population, while Wake County has the second largest population in North Carolina.
Large city
In 2017, the US Census Bureau released 2016 estimates of population numbers for North Carolina cities with populations above 70,000. Charlotte has the largest population, while Raleigh has the highest population density in the largest cities in North Carolina.
The largest combined statistics field
North Carolina has three main Combined Statistical Stations with a population of over 1.6 million (estimate of the US Census Bureau 2015):
- Metrolina : Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, North Carolina-South Carolina - population 2,583,956
- Research Triangle : Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, North Carolina - population 2,117,103
- The Piedmont Triad : Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, North Carolina - population 1,642,506
Economy
North Carolina has a very diverse economy due to its large hydroelectric power availability, pleasant climate, and a variety of soils. The country ranks third among South Atlantic countries in the population, but leads the region in industry and agriculture. North Carolina leads the nation in the production of tobacco, textiles, and furniture. Charlotte, the largest city in the state, is a major textile and trading center. According to a Forbes article written in 2013, Jobs in "Old North State" has acquired many different industry sectors. See the following summary of the article: science, technology, energy and mathematics, or STEM, industry in the area around the capital of North Carolina has grown 17.9 percent since 2001, placing Raleigh-Cary in No. 5 among the 51 largest metro areas in the country where technology is booming. In 2010, the total gross state of North Carolina's state was $ 424.9 billion, while the state debt in November 2012, according to one source, amounted to US $ 2.4 billion, while another, in 2012 of US $ 57.8 billion. In 2011, the civilian workforce was about 4.5 million with close employment of 4.1 million. Working populations are employed across all major job sectors. North Carolina economy covers 15 metropolitan areas. In 2010, North Carolina was voted the best third country for business by Forbes Magazine, and the second best state by Chief Executive Officer Magazine.
North Carolina is a leading US state in the production of tobacco and preserved sweet potatoes, and the second in pig and pig, trout and turkey farms. In the three recent USDA surveys (2002, 2007, 2012), North Carolina also ranked second in Christmas tree production.
Based on data from the American Community Survey 2010-2014, the average household income of North Carolina is $ 46,693. It's ranked forty-one out of fifty states plus the District of Columbia for the average household income. North Carolina has the fourth highest poverty rate in the country of 17.6%. 13% of families are below the poverty line.
Since 2000, there has been a clear division in the economic growth of rural and urban areas of North Carolina. While North Carolina's urban areas have enjoyed a prosperous economy with stable job growth, low unemployment and rising wages, many of the country's rural areas suffer from job losses, rising poverty levels, and population losses as their manufacturing base has declined. According to one estimate, one half of the 100 districts of North Carolina have lost the population since 2010, mainly because of the poor economy in many rural North Carolina. However, the population of urban areas of the country continues to increase.
The total gross state of North Carolina 2016 is $ 521 billion.
Transportation
The transportation system in North Carolina consists of air, water, roads, trains, and public transport including intercity trains via Amtrak and light rail in Charlotte. North Carolina has the country's second largest state highway system as well as the largest ferry system on the east coast.
North Carolina Airport serves destinations throughout the United States and international destinations in Canada, Europe, Central America, and the Caribbean. In 2013 Charlotte Douglas International Airport is ranked as the 23rd busiest airport in the world.
North Carolina has an ongoing passenger train system with Amtrak serving most of the major cities. Charlotte is also home to the North Carolina light rail system known as Lynx.
Government and politics
The North Carolina government is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. It consists of the State Council (led by the Governor), the bicameral legislature (called the General Assembly), and the state court system (led by the Supreme Court of North Carolina). The state constitution illustrates the structure and function of state government. North Carolina has 13 seats in the US House of Representatives and two seats in the US Senate.
North Carolina party loyalty has undergone a series of important changes in recent years: While the midterm exam 2010 saw Tar Heel voters vote for the bicameral majority legislature for the first time in more than a century, North Carolina also became a country of Southern swing in presidential elections. Due to the comfortable victory of South Democratic Party Jimmy Carter in the state in 1976, the state has consistently leaned Republican in presidential elections until Democrat Barack Obama won the country in 2008. In the 1990s, Democrat Bill Clinton came in the point of winning the state at in 1992 and also recently lost the country in 1996. In early 2000, the Republic of George W. Bush easily won the country by more than 12 points, but in 2008, demographic shifts, population growth, and increased liberalization in densely populated areas residents such as Triangle Research, Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, and Asheville, pushed Barack Obama to victory in North Carolina, the first Democrat to win the state since 1976. In 2012, North Carolina was once again considered a competitive swing state , with Democrats even holding the 2012 Democratic National Convention at Ch arlotte. However, Republican Mitt Romney eventually surpassed a 2-point win in North Carolina, the only missing country swing in 2012, and one of only two countries (along with Indiana) who switched from Obama in 2008 to GOP in 2012.
In 2012, the state elects a Republican Governor (Pat McCrory) and Lieutenant Governor (Dan Forest) for the first time in more than two decades, while also granting a majority of Republican veto-proofs in both the State and Senate Council of State Representatives. Several seats of the US House of Representatives also reversed control, with Republicans holding nine seats to four Democrats. In the 2014 mid-term elections, Republican David Rouzer won the seat of the Seventh District Congress of the country, increasing the party's congressional delegation divided into 10-3 in favor of GOP.
Education
Primary and secondary education
Primary and secondary public schools are overseen by the North Carolina Public Intruction Department. The North Carolina Supervisory Inspector is the secretary of the North Carolina State Council of Education, but the council, rather than the inspector, holds most of the legal authorities to make public education policy. In 2009, the chairman of the board also became "chief executive officer" for the state school system. North Carolina has 115 public school systems, each of which is overseen by the local school board. A county may have one or more systems in it. The largest school system in North Carolina is the Wake County Public School System, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, Guilford County Schools, Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Schools, and Cumberland County Schools. In total there are 2,425 public schools in the state, including 99 charter schools. The North Carolina School was separated until the trial of Brown v. Board of Education and the release of Plan Pearsall.
By 2018, teachers in the state go on strike over low wages, and reduce employee benefits.
Colleges and universities
In 1795, North Carolina opened its first public university in the United States - University of North Carolina (now called the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). More than 200 years later, the University of North Carolina system includes 17 state universities including North Carolina State University, North Carolina A & amp; T State University, North Carolina Central University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, East Carolina University, Western Carolina University, Winston-Salem State University, University of North Carolina at Asheville, University of North Carolina at Charlotte University North Carolina at Pembroke, UNC Wilmington, Elizabeth State University, Appalachian State University, Fayetteville State University, and UNC School of the Arts; Together with its public university, North Carolina has 58 public community colleges in its community college system. The largest university in North Carolina today is North Carolina State University, with more than 34,000 students.
North Carolina is home to many famous private colleges and universities, including Duke University, Wake Forest University, Pfeiffer University, Lees-McRae College, Davidson College, Barton College, North Carolina Wesleyan College, Elon University, Guilford College, Livingstone College, Salem College, Shaw University, Laurel University, Meredith College, Methodist University, Belmont Abbey College (the only Catholic academy in the Carolina), Campbell University, Mount Olive University, Montreat College, High Point University, Lenoir-Rhyne University (the only Lutheran university in North Carolina) and Wingate University.
Media
Sports
North Carolina is home to three major league sports leagues: the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League and Charlotte Hornets of the Charlotte-based National Basketball Association, while the Raleigh-based Carolina Hurricanes play in the National Hockey League. The Panthers and Hurricanes are the only two major professional sports teams that have the same geographical designations while playing in various metropolitan areas. The Hurricanes are the only major professional team from North Carolina that has won the league championship, having won the Stanley Cup in 2006. North Carolina is also home to two other top professional teams in a less prominent sport - the Charlotte Hounds of Major League Lacrosse and North Carolina Courage of the National Women's Soccer League.
While North Carolina does not have a Major League Baseball team, it has many small league baseball teams, with the highest level of play coming from Charlotte Knight and Durham Bulls affiliated with AAA. In addition, North Carolina has small league teams in other team sports including football and ice hockey, especially North Carolina FC and Charlotte Checkers, both playing in the second tier of their respective sports.
In addition to professional team sports, North Carolina has a strong affiliation with NASCAR and stock-car racing, with Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord hosting two Cup Series series each year. Charlotte also hosts the NASCAR Hall of Fame, while Concord is home to some of the top racing teams, including Hendrick Motorsports, Roush Fenway Racing, Richard Petty Motorsports, Stewart-Haas Racing, and Chip Ganassi Racing. Many other tracks around North Carolina organize races from low-level NASCAR circuits as well.
Golf is a popular summer recreation activity, and North Carolina has hosted several important golf tournaments. Pinehurst Resort in Pinehurst has hosted the PGA Championship, Ryder Cup, two US Open and one US Open Women. The Wells Fargo Championship is a regular stop on the PGA Tour and is held at Quail Hollow Club in Charlotte, while Wyndham Championship is played annually at Greensboro at Sedgefield Country Club.
Sports colleges are also popular in North Carolina, with 18 schools competing at Division I level. The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is headquartered in Greensboro, and both the ACC (Charlotte) Football Championships and the last Basketball Men's (Greensboro) Tournament held in North Carolina. College basketball is particularly popular, supported by the Tobacco Road rivalry between Duke, North Carolina, North Carolina State and Wake Forest. The Acc Championship and Belk Bowl Championships are held annually at Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium, featuring teams from the ACC and the Southeastern Conference. In addition, the state has hosted the NCAA Four Men's Final Basketball on two occasions, at Greensboro in 1974 and in Charlotte in 1994.
Tourism
Each year the Appalachian Mountains attract several million tourists to the west of the country, including the historic Biltmore Estate. The beautiful Blue Ridge Parkway and Great Smoky Mountains National Park are the two most visited national parks and units in the United States with over 25 million visitors by 2013. Asheville City is consistently selected as one of the top spots to visit and live in America United, known for its rich art deco architecture, mountain scenery and outdoor activities, as well as a liberal and happy population.
In Raleigh many tourists visit the Capital, the African American Cultural Complex, the Raleigh Museum of Contemporary Art, the Gregg & amp; Design at NCSU, Haywood Hall House & amp; Gardens, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Raleigh City Museum, JC Raulston Arboretum, Joel Lane House, Mordecai House, Montfort Hall Whale Museum. The NHL Hurricanes Carolina hockey team is also located in the city.
In the Charlotte area, amenities include the Carolina Panthers NFL football team and the Charlotte Hornets basketball team, the Carowinds amusement park, the Charlotte Motor Speedway, the US National Whitewater Center and Discovery Place. Nearby Concord has Great Wolf Lodge and Sea Life Aquarium.
In Conover - Hickory Area, Hickory Motor Speedway, RockBarn Golf and Spa, home of Hickory Classic in Rock Barn; Catawba County Fire Museum, and SALT Block attract many tourists to Conover. Hickory that owns Valley Hills Mall.
The Piedmont Triad, or country center, is home to Krispy Kreme, Mayberry, Texas Pete, the Lexington Barbecue Festival, and Moravia pastries. The internationally acclaimed North Carolina Zoo in Asheboro attracts visitors to its animals, plants, and 57-piece art collections along five miles of shaded pathways in the world's largest natural habitat park. Seagrove, in the central part of the country, attracts many tourists along the Pottery Highway (NC Hwy 705). MerleFest in Wilkesboro attracted over 80,000 people to a four-day music festival; and the Wet 'n Wild Emerald Pointe water park in Greensboro is another attraction.
The Outer Banks and the surrounding beaches attract millions of people to the Atlantic shores every year.
The northeastern part of the state, which recently adopted the name Inner Banks, also known as the Albemarle Region, for Albemarle Settlements, the first few settlements in North Carolina on the Atlantic Coast. Historic sites in the region are connected by the Historic Albemarle Tour.
Recreation
North Carolina provides a variety of recreational activities, from swimming on the beach to skiing in the mountains. North Carolina offers fall colors, freshwater and saltwater fishing, hunting, bird watching, agritourism, ATV roads, ballooning, rock climbing, biking, hiking, skiing, boating and sailing, camping, canoeing, caving (spelunking), parks, and arboretum. North Carolina has themed parks, aquariums, museums, historic sites, lighthouses, elegant theaters, concert halls, and fine dining.
The people of the North Carolinians enjoy outdoor recreation utilizing many local bike trails, 34 state parks and 14 national parks. National Park Service units include Appalachian National Scenic Trail, Blue Ridge Parkway, Cape Lookout National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore, Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site at Flat Rock, Fort Raleigh National Historic Site at Manteo, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Guilford Courthouse National Military Park in Greensboro, Moores Creek National Battlefield near Currie in Pender County, Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Old Salem National Historic Site at Winston-Salem, Trail of Tears National Historic Trail, and Wright Brothers National Memorial at Kill Devil Hills. National Forests include the Uwharrie National Forest in central North Carolina, Croatan National Forest in Eastern North Carolina, Pisgah National Forest in the northern mountains, and Nantahala National Forest in the southwestern part of the state.
Art and culture
North Carolina has a rich tradition in art, music, and cuisine. The nonprofit arts and cultural industry generated $ 1.2 billion in direct economic activity in North Carolina, supporting over 43,600 equivalent full-time jobs and generating $ 119 million in revenues to North Carolina and local governments. North Carolina founded the North Carolina Museum of Art as the country's first major museum collection to be shaped by state legislation and funding and continues to bring millions into the NC economy. See also this list of museums in North Carolina.
One of the more famous art communities in the state is Seagrove, the US handmade pottery capital, where craftsmen make artificial pottery inspired by the same tradition that started in this community over 200 years ago. With nearly 100 stores and galleries scattered throughout the area, visitors can find everything from traditional tableware to folk art and art collection and historical reproductions.
Music
North Carolina offers a large number of noteworthy jazz musicians, some of the most important in the history of the genre. These include: John Coltrane, (Hamlet, High Point); Thelonious Monk (Rocky Mount); Billy Taylor (Greenville); Woody Shaw (Laurinburg); Lou Donaldson (Durham); Max Roach (Newland); Tal Farlow (Greensboro); Albert, Jimmy and Percy Heath (Wilmington); Nina Simone (Tryon); and Billy Strayhorn (Hillsborough).
North Carolina is also famous for its past musical traditions, and many recordings were made early in the 20th century by Bascom collector-song Lamar Lunsford. Musicians such as North Carolina Ramblers helped solidify country music in the late 1920s, while influential bluegrass musician Doc Watson also came from North Carolina. Both North and South Carolina are fertile ground for traditional rural blues, especially the style known as Piedmont blues.
Ben Folds Five comes from Winston-Salem, and Ben Folds still records and lives in Chapel Hill.
The British band Pink Floyd was named, in part, after the Chapel Hill bluesman Floyd Council.
Triangle Research Area has long been a well-known center for folk, rock, metal, jazz and punk. James Taylor grew up around Chapel Hill, and his 1968 song "Carolina in My Mind" has been referred to as an unofficial song for the country. Other famous musicians from North Carolina include J. Cole, Shirley Caesar, Roberta Flack, Clyde McPhatter, Nnenna Freelon, Warren Haynes, Jimmy Herring, Michael Houser, Eric Church, Future Islands, Randy Travis, Ryan Adams, Ronnie Milsap, Anthony Hamilton, Avett Brothers and Luke Combs.
Metal and punk action like Corrosion of Conformity, Between the Buried and Me, and the Nightmare Sonata is native to North Carolina.
Producer EDM Porter Robinson comes from Chapel Hill.
North Carolina is home to more American Idol finalists than any other country: Clay Aiken (season two), Fantasia Barrino (season three), Chris Daugherty (season five), Kellie Pickler (season five), Bucky Covington (season five), Anoop Desai (season eight), Scotty McCreery (season ten), and Caleb Johnson (season thirteen). North Carolina also has the most winners of American Idol with Barrino, McCreery, and Johnson.
In the mountains, Brevard Music Center hosts chorus, orchestra, and solos during its annual summer schedule.
Also, see North Carolina Music Hall of Fame.
Shopping
North Carolina has a variety of shopping options. SouthPark Mall in Charlotte is currently the largest in the Carolina, with nearly 2.0 million square feet. Other major malls in Charlotte include Northlake Mall and Carolina Place Mall in the nearby suburb of Pineville. Other major malls across the state include Hanes Mall in Winston-Salem; Crabtree Valley Mall, North Hills Mall, and Triangle Town Center in Raleigh; Four Seasons City Center and Center in Greensboro; Oak Hollow Mall in High Point; Concord Mills in Concord; Valley Hills Mall in Hickory; Cross Creek Mall in Fayetteville; and The Streets at Southpoint and Northgate Mall at Durham and Independence Mall in Wilmington, North Carolina, and Tanger Outlets in Charlotte, Nags Head, Blowing Rock, and Mebane, North Carolina.
Cuisine and agriculture
The main dish in North Carolina is pork barbecue. There are strong regional differences and competition over the sauces and methods used in making barbecue. The general trend in Western North Carolina is the use of Boston's premium-grade buttocks. The West Carolina pork barbecue uses a tomato based sauce, and only shoulder of pork (dark meat) is used. Western North Carolina barbecue is commonly referred to as Lexington barbecue after the city of Piedmont Triad Lexington, home of the Lexington Barbecue Festival, which attracts over 100,000 visitors every October. Barbecue North East beef uses vinegar-based sauce and red beans and "whole pork" is cooked, thus integrating white and black meat.
Krispy Kreme, an international chain of donut shops, started in North Carolina; the company's headquarters are in Winston-Salem. Pepsi-Cola was first produced in 1898 in New Bern. Regional regional beverages, Cheerwine, were created and are still based in the city of Salisbury. Despite its name, Texas Pete sauce is made in North Carolina; its headquarters is also in Winston-Salem. Hardee's fast food chain started at Rocky Mount. Another fast food chain, Bojangles', started in Charlotte, and has its headquarters there. The popular chain of North Carolina restaurants is Golden Corral. Started in 1973, this chain was established in Fayetteville, with its headquarters located in Raleigh. The popular pickle brand of Mount Olive Pickle Company was established in Mount Olive in 1926. Burger Burgers Burgers, Shakes & amp; Fries also made his home in Mount Olive. Cook Out, a popular fast-food chain featuring burgers, hot dogs and milkshakes in a variety of flavors, was established in Greensboro in 1989 and has begun to expand beyond North Carolina. In 2013, Southern Living was named Durham - Chapel Hill South "Tastiest City."
Over the past decade, North Carolina has become a cultural center and a haven for international award-winning wineries (Noni Bacca Winery), international cheese (Ashe County), "L'institut International aux Arts Gastronomiques: Conquering Les Yanks les Truffes, January 15, 2010 "an international hub for truffles (Garland Truffles), and brewing, as tobacco lands have been transformed into vineyards while state laws governing alcohol content in beer allow ABV spikes from 6% to 15%. The Yadkin Valley in particular has become a strong market for wine production, while Asheville has recently gained recognition as 'Beer City USA.' Asheville boasts the largest brewery per capita of any city in the United States. Recognized and marketed beer brands in North Carolina include Highland breweries, Duck Rabbit Factory, Motherland's Motherland, Radish Sweep, Big Beer Brewing, Brewing, Carolina Brewing, Lonerider Brewing and White Rabbit Brewing Company.
North Carolina has a large grazing area for dairy cows and cows. Truck farms can be found in North Carolina. Truck farming is a small farm where fruits and vegetables are grown for sale in the local market. State voyages, commercial fisheries, and the timber industry are vital to the economy. Service industries, including education, health care, private research, and retail trade, are also important. Research Triangle Park, a large industrial complex located in the Raleigh-Durham area, is one of the major centers in the country for electronics and pens
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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