Driver licenses are official documents that allow certain individuals to operate one or more types of motor vehicles, such as motorbikes, cars, trucks, or buses on public roads.
The term SIM is American English; the English equivalent of Canada is SIM , and in English English is driver's license . In this article, American terminology and spelling are used except in the section that specifically refers to English practice. Laws relating to licensing drivers vary between jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the license is issued after the recipient passes the driving test, while on the other hand, one obtains the license before starting to drive. Various licensing categories often exist for different types of motor vehicles, especially large trucks and passenger vehicles. The difficulties of driving tests vary greatly between jurisdictions, as do factors such as age and level of training required.
In some international agreements the words driver license are used, for example in the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic.
Video Driver's license
History
Karl Benz, inventor of modern cars, had to receive written permission from the Grand Ducal authorities to operate his car on a public road in 1888 after residents complained about the noise and smell of his Motorwagen. Until the early 20th century, European authorities issued licenses to drive motor vehicles equally ad hoc, if at all.
The compulsory license for drivers entered into force on 1 January 1904 after the 1903 Motor Car Act received royal approval in the UK. Each car owner must register their vehicle with their local government authority and may prove their vehicle registration on request. The minimum age of qualification is set at 17. The license grants freedom of the 'road' holder with a maximum speed limit of 20 mph (32 km/h). The test shall be introduced in 1934, with the approval of the Road Traffic Act.
Prussia, then a country within the German Empire, introduced a compulsory license on 29 September 1903. A test on mechanical talent must be ratified and DampfkesselÃÆ'¼berwachungsverein ("steam supervisory association") was charged with carrying out these tests. In 1910, the German imperial government mandated licensing of drivers on a national scale, establishing a test system and educational requirements of drivers adopted in other countries.
In 1909, the Convention with Rewarding the International Circulation of Motor Vehicles recognized the need for qualification, examination, and authorization for international driving.
In 1929, the idea of ​​an International Driving Permit was handled by an international Convention.
In 1949, the United Nations defined a convention on road traffic that drew up standard rules on roads, residents, rules, signs, driver licenses and the like. It addresses the idea of ​​driving licenses to a number of countries, under the word "driving license" and stating that the color should be pink.
In 1968, the Convention on Road Traffic, ratified in 1977, renewed this Agreement further.
Other countries in Europe also introduced driving tests during the twentieth century, the last of them was Belgium where, until 1977, it was possible to buy and hold licenses without having to undergo a driving test.
When car-related deaths soared in North America, public protests provoked legislators to begin studying French and German statutes as models. On August 1, 1910, the first North American licensing law for motor vehicles came into force in New York state, although originally applied only to professional drivers. In July 1913, the state of New Jersey became the first to require all drivers to pass the mandatory exam before accepting the license.
Maps Driver's license
SIM is used for identification purposes
Many countries, including Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, do not have a national identity card. Because many people have a driver's license, they are often accepted as proof of de facto identity . Non-drivers may apply for identification cards issued by the same valid country. Most ID and SIM cards are the size of a credit card - the size and shape of "ID-1" defined in ISO/IEC 7810.
Europe
Many European countries require drivers to license on demand while driving. Some European countries require adults to carry proof of identity at any time, but the driver's license is not applicable for identification in every European country.
In the UK most drivers are not required to carry their licenses. A driver may be required by police or vehicle inspectors to produce their license, but may grant it at a particular police station within seven days; police issued a form for this purpose.
In Denmark, Finland, Norway, Spain and Sweden, the SIM number is the same as the citizen ID number. Banks and authorities use the same number for the customer database, making the license fully useful for identification purposes.
Asia
In Hong Kong, the SIM has the same number as the holder ID card, but has no photos. Once checked both must be presented. Plans to create a new phase in Smart ID containing driver license information have been suspended.
Similarly, the Saudi Arabian government requires all drivers to carry an identity card other than a license and present it whenever requested. In Saudi Arabia using a reverse license is only permitted if a request is made for the purpose of on-site inspection/identification, especially at checkpoints. Expatriates can be asked to present their visas as well.
In Japan, South Korea, and Singapore driving SIM cards are widely used as identification.
Japanese
Japanese driver license covers one of the following 3 colors on the expiration date.
- Green
- New Driver (First License in Japan) Valid for 2 to 3 years. Drivers with driving experience under one year are required to display the "Shoshinsha mark" (Young Leaf Sign) in their vehicle. This is true if the driver obtains a license for a different class of vehicles, regardless of the length of driving experience on their previous license. However, such a mark does not show the color on the SIM. A driver with a young leaf sign in their car could be a gold driver. This is because the gold status is not lost with the vehicle class changes.
- Blue
- Drivers who have a clean driving history of less than 5 years or who do not have clean driving records but more than 5 years of driving history. Valid for 3 to 5 years depending on age, violation history, etc.
- Gold
- In addition to the regular license, the Gold Driver License ( ?????? , G? rudo Menkyo ) , or Superior Driver License ( ???????? , Y? Ry? Untensha Menkyosh? ) , is a special designation of the license assigned to the "superior driver" ( ????? ) in Japan. The licensee may be identified by the gold bands printed during the expiry date of their driver's license.
Gold licenses are granted to any driver who, at the point of license renewal, has at least five years of clean driving history (no driving offense). According to the implications of the Road Traffic Law Reform that took place on May 10, 1995, all of the licenses were marked with gold ribbons during the license expiration date as well as the word ?? printed in black, below.
Those who hold gold licenses have the added benefit of qualifying for a Superior Driver Course at the time of renewal, a significantly shorter and cheaper updating process. In some cases, they can bypass the main licensing center and renew their licenses in separate separate Driver Ranger Licensing Centers.
In addition, since the licensees are proven to be free from accidents and violations that move for at least five years, they are considered low risk and eligible for optional auto insurance discounts. To qualify, the driver must be accident and free-infringement for 5 years and 41 days before their birthday on their license term. The period in which the driving history of the license holder is reviewed begins on the 40th day before their birthday that year. If the licensee is deemed qualified, they will receive a decision by mail with the word ?? printed on it.
Even so-called "Driver Papers" who hold licenses but never drive, technically without infringement or accidents, may lose their eligibility to obtain gold licenses for several reasons including if their car is used by drunk drivers or to support drinkers. driving in any way.
North America
In the United States and Canada, driver licenses are issued by states and provinces (or territories), respectively, and do not look the same nationally. They are also used as de facto or identification documents issued by the government for their holders. Most government driving licenses issuers also provide government-issued identification cards with similar attributes to driver's licenses to residents in their jurisdiction who do not own or retain the applicable MIS, making it easier for them to do things like open a bank account, and perform other activities that require official identification. The identity card functions as a government-issued photo ID but does not allow a person to operate a motor vehicle, a fact usually noted on an ID through the phrase 'Not SIM' or similar words. This photo ID type is referred to as a Photo card in some jurisdictions (for example, Photo Card Ontario). Government issued ID cards are also issued to residents outside the country, such as students enrolled in higher education institutions outside their country of residence, e.g. resident Texas residents are registered at UCLA, where individuals retain their Texas SIM and hold a California-issued ID card (as mentioned above eg bank accounts and financial affairs); also applies to those who own business assets and are not domiciled in the state or city as resident eg. one domiciled in Los Angeles and owning a property or business property in Florida). In the United States, no individual can have two valid driver licenses, e.g. Texas and California driver licenses are held simultaneously, as some US states do not collect personal income taxes, e.g. Texas, Florida while California has a private state income tax.
South America
In Venezuela, the SIM number is the same as the citizen ID number.
The number of driving licenses issued by the Dominican Republic has the same number as the Dominican Republic Identity card.
Licenses for different categories of vehicles
In a number of countries (including the United States, New Zealand, Australia, the UK, Ireland and sometimes Canada as well) commercial drivers are required to have special licenses. The cost of taking a series of tests and checks to obtain this license usually means that the employer will be subsidizing the driver.
Africa
Egypt
Egyptians are entitled to a driver's license once they reach 18 years of age. To obtain their license, applicants must pass the driving test as well as some computer tests.
To get through, what a person has to do is drive six meters and then back off six meters. However, this test is updated to make it more difficult, now the applicant must answer 8 of the 10 correct answers in a computer test, then forward & amp; reversing the S-track test in addition to the assessment of parking skills.
Ghana
The driver's license in Ghana is carried out by the National Driver and Vehicle Authority. The legal driving age is 18 years.
Kenya
The legal driving age is 18 years. Licenses must include:
- Id number
- Name
- Date of issue
- Vehicle class
Morocco
The legal driving age of Moroccan citizens is 18.
Nigeria
In Nigeria, the minimum age to qualify for a driver's license is 18. Applicants will first attend training in an accredited driving school. Then, the driving school will then submit the applicant to the Vehicle Inspection Officer (VIO) for the driving test. After passing the driving test and the applicant will obtain a proficiency certificate from VIO.The applicant then complete the driver license application form at the Driver License Center (DLC) or download the form online. After that he pays the license fee online or at the Bank and submits the application form to the Internal Revenue Agency (BIR) Officer and VIO in DLC for approval. After all this he proceeded to the Federal Road Safety Corps Officer (FRSC) at DLC for biometric data retrieval. He is given a temporary driver license valid for 60 days. He took the original driver's license at the BIR Office after 60 days.
South Africa
Minimum driving age in South Africa is 17, when you can drive with an adult holding a valid driver's license, after passing the license theory test of your learner. At the age of 18 you can obtain a driver's license after passing a road test. Small motorcycles can be pushed from the age of 16. To obtain a license, applicants must pass a written or computer-based test to obtain a learner's license, and then pass a road test to obtain a driver's license. Categories for licenses include CODE B (normal vehicle), CODE C1 (LDV), CODE EC (heavy truck), CODE A (motorcycle). The learner theory theory test will contain three sets of questions with multiple answer options; You must choose the correct answer. Some SIM testing centers use computers for tests, while other centers require you to complete tests using test papers and pens.
Tanzania
Driver license issued by Tanzania Revenue Authority. The legal driving age for motor vehicles is 18 and for motorcycles is 16.
Asia
Hong Kong
Minimum driving age in Hong Kong is 16 for mopeds below 50 cc (3.1 cuÃ, in), and 18 for cars and motorcycles. Access to motorcycles producing more than 50 cc (3.1 cuÃ, in) is limited to riders aged 18 and over. The driver is legally required to bring a valid driver's license while driving, and must be produced if asked to do so by a police officer.
People above a certain age must undergo rigorous medical tests to obtain licenses that have limited validity and require updates after a certain period of time.
India
Minimum driving age in India is 16 for mopeds below 50Ã, cc (3.1Ã, cuÃ, in), and 18 for cars and motorcycles. Access to motorcycles producing more than 50 cc (3.1 cuÃ, in) is limited to riders aged 18 and over. The Regional Transport Office (RTO/RTA) issues their own driving license in various states. The driver is legally required to bring a valid driver's license in India while driving, and must be produced if asked to do so by a police officer.
In India, people aged 50 or over must undergo rigorous medical tests to obtain licenses that have limited validity and require renewal every five years. Commercial driving license is valid for 3 years and needs to be updated.
Indonesia
In Indonesia, to drive a motor vehicle, one must have a valid Indonesian Driver's License called (Driver's License) or SIM in Bahasa Indonesia. This is a card that legally allows one to drive a motor vehicle. In Indonesia, there is a class for every driving license allowed to drive a motor vehicle:
- A - to drive a private passenger or cargo vehicle weighing not exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 pounds)
- Public (GENERAL) - to drive commercial vehicles and freight carriers with the allowed amount of weight not exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 Ib)
- B1 - to drive a private passenger or cargo vehicle of an allowable weight exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 pounds)
- Public B1 (B1 GENERAL) - to drive passenger vehicles and public transport allows the total weight more than 3,500 kg (7,700 lb)
- B2 - to drive heavy vehicles, tow vehicles or motor vehicles with patches or trailer trains that attract people with heavy patches or are allowed to train more than 1,000 kg (2,200 pounds) of trailers/s
- Public B2 (B2 GENERAL) - to encourage commercial vehicles to pull or pull cart trailers with heavy patches allowed to train over 1,000 kg footage
- C - to drive a motorcycle (motor vehicle)
- D - special vehicles for disabled people
The above classes are also permitted by the age of the driver according to the SIM class. The appropriate age is issued for different classes of driver options:
- 17 years for the SIM class edition: A, C, and D
- 20 years for SIM class edition: B1
- 21 years for SIM class edition: B2
Israel
Lebanon
Malaysia
The minimum age for obtaining a driving license varies between 16 and 21, although there are concerns about the safety of teenage driving.
Starting November 2011, every driver can renew their license on his birthday, rather than the expiration date.
Pakistan
The minimum age for eligibility for a student's permit is 18 years; because the driver's information is stored against the national computerized ID card issued at the age of 18 years. The License Publisher Authority varies for each district and works under the relative District Police.
Driving license new credit card format has been introduced. This license contains digital photo, signature and blood type information from the cardholder. Note violations are automatically stored in the database. To obtain a driver's license, a person must register to obtain a student pass in one of the local police stations designated by the District Police and after 42 days may apply for a test for a full regular license.
The test phase consists of a theory-based test followed by a short practical test. Only people who pass the theory test are allowed to take a practical test. The entire testing phase is one day in which both tests should be taken on the same day. The currently issued driver's license has basic information about the driver including Name, Father's Name, Date of Birth, Address, Type of Official Vehicle, Emergency Contact, Blood Group, Fingerprint Impressions, Photo of Driver. This license also has a magnetic strip although its eligibility has not been published.
Singapore
Driving license in Singapore is issued by the traffic police. The minimum age to obtain a temporary driving license (PDL), which allows the holder to practice driving while under the supervision of an official driving instructor, is 18. Temporary driving license is obtained after the individual passes the basic theory test. The PDL holders are then asked to sit down and pass the final theory test before they are allowed to take a practical driving test. Once they pass a practical driving test, they are issued with a driving license that allows for unattended driving, although new drivers are required to display experimental plates while driving for the first year after their licenses are issued.
South Korea
In South Korea, a person must hold a SIM called "?????" or international driver's license. International driving license is valid for 1 year starting from the date of entry. If a person will stay in South Korea more than a year, it is necessary to convert the international license into a local license by visiting a police station or driving license testing center.
For the South Korean SIM, there is a class for each driver's license allowed to drive a motor vehicle:
- Type 1 (1?) - Commercial Vehicles
- Large (??) - A license that allows one to drive every vehicle except trailers and wreckers. This allows one to drive cargo trucks, passenger buses, construction equipment for commercial purposes.
- Normal (??) - Enables a person to drive a vehicle with less than 15 seats, an emergency motor vehicle with less than 12 seats, a cargo truck with a 12 ton load, a construction equipment weighing less than 3 tons (excluding trailer and wrecker), special motor vehicles weighing less than 10 tons (excluding trailers and wreckers).
- Small (??) - Allows one to drive a vehicle with three wheels and a motorcycle.
- Type 2 (2?) - Non-Commercial Vehicles
- Normal (??) - Enables a person to drive a vehicle with less than 10 seats, a cargo truck with a 4 ton load, a special motor vehicle weighing less than 3.5 tons (excluding trailer and wrecker).
- Small (??) - Lets someone ride a motorcycle.
- Practice License
- Type 1 (1?) - Enable a person to drive a vehicle with less than 15 seats, a cargo truck with a 12 ton load limit, when the driver is driving with someone with a non-licensed license practice.
- Type 2 (2?) - Enable a person to drive a vehicle with less than 10 seats, a cargo truck with a 4 ton load limit, when the driver is driving with someone with a license that is not a licensing practice.
In addition to the license type, the license may have special conditions. Depending on the specific conditions provided, the driver must meet the requirements below to be able to drive. Drving a vehicle without satisfying a given condition is considered as unlicensed driving.
- A - Automatic Transmission Only
- B - Drive by hand or fake arm
- C - Drive with prosthetic limb
- D - Wear a hearing aid while driving
- E - Drive with Convex Hearing Signs Disorder
- I - Drive with the gas pedal on the left.
Sri Lanka
New E-Smart Card driving license is available in Sri Lanka. This card is intended for use in the proposed "Point System".
In Sri Lanka, a driver's license is an official document authorizing the holder to operate various types of motor vehicles on public roads. They are managed by the Motor Traffic Department (DMT). Minimum age is 18 years for all vehicle types.
Vietnamese
In Vietnam, to drive a vehicle, one must have a legitimate Vietnamese Driving License called "b? Ng lÃÆ'¡i". This is a card that legally allows one to drive a motor vehicle. In Vietnam, there is a class for each driver's license that is allowed to drive a motor vehicle type:
- A - to drive a private passenger or cargo vehicle of an allowable weight exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 lb).
- B1 - to drive a private passenger or cargo vehicle weighing not exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 pounds). B1 is issued for drivers younger than 21 years. License B1 is valid for 5 years.
- B2 - for riding a private passenger or cargo vehicle weighing not exceeding 3,500 kg (7,700 pounds). The B2 license is identical to the B1 license but is issued to drivers 21 years of age or older. B2 license is valid for 10 years.
- C - to drive a motorcycle (motor vehicle)
- D - special vehicles for disabled people
The above classes are also permitted by the age of the driver according to the SIM class. The appropriate age is issued for different classes of driver options:
- 17 years for the SIM class edition: A, C
- 20 years or younger for SIM-class problem: B1
- 21 years for SIM class edition: B2
European Economic Area
The EU has adopted a common format for driving licenses in all 31 member countries of the European Economic Area (EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway), and a common set of driver licensing categories. They were introduced to replace 110 different plastic and paper driving licenses. The common format with the same information in the same place on all licenses allows the SIM to be understood, albeit in different languages.
The penalty point handling system remains different in each country, for the existence of points, the number of starting points, scrolling, and the number of points removed (or added) for each penalty.
Austria
Belgium
Bulgarian
Croatian
Cyprus
Denmark
Finnish
French
German
Greek
Iceland
The minimum age for obtaining a driver's license in Iceland is 17 for a Class B license, Class B's license will qualify a person to drive a low-powered motorcycle ( 50Ã, cc (3.1Ã, cuÃ, in) two steps or equivalent, for stronger bikes, one should get Class A licenses), Tractors, ATVs, and Cars that do not exceed GVWR 3,500 kg (7,700 pounds) or 8 passengers.
The minimum age in Iceland for a C1 class (a vehicle up to 7,500 kg (16,500 pounds) GVWR) is 18, for Class C (vehicles exceeding 7,500 kg) a person must have obtained a 12-point license (earned without a ticket for a full year) and has reached the age of 21 years.
Minimum age in Iceland for D1 class license is 21 years and Class D license (and DE class) is 23 years old, same rules apply like class C/CE license.
ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Norwegian
Minimum age for obtaining a driver's license in Norway is 16 for A1, T (tractor), 18 for A-C and 21 for D. Driver license is always revoked when he/she reaches 100 years of age.
Polish
Romanian
Minimum age for obtaining a driver's license in Romania is 18 ("Legal minimum age in Romania")
Spanish
Swedish
United Kingdom
The minimum driving age in the UK is 16 for mopeds below 50 cc (3.1 cuÃ, in), and 17 for cars and motorcycles. Access to motorcycles producing more than 25 kW (34 hp) is limited to motorists with a two-year or 21-year-old experience. The British Foreign Territory and the dependence of the United Kingdom issued their own driving license. There is no legal requirement for unprofessional drivers to carry a driving license in the UK while driving, although it must be produced at the police station within seven days, if required to do so by a police officer.
In the United Kingdom, a person must hold a Passenger Passenger (PCV) license to drive a vehicle with more than eight passenger seats for rent or prize, or Vehicle Large Goods license (LGV) to drive a vehicle with a Gross Vehicle Weight (Maximum Official Mass) of more than 3,500 kg (7,700 lb). License and Certificate Professional qualified Competency card driver must be taken while driving a vehicle in that category. Special licenses are also required to transport hazardous materials.
Rest of Europe
Albanian
Azerbaijan
Macedonia
Russian
The Russian Empire was one of the first countries to make driving licenses. The first Russian license was issued in 1900 by the authority of Saint Petersburg, and Russia joined the international convention in 1909. However, due to the relatively small number of cars, attempts to create a standard Russian license were somewhat sporadic and confined to large urban areas. There is no comprehensive system of existing driver licenses until 1936, when the Soviet government regulates and regulates traffic and driving regulations, with a state system governed by special police authorities.
Russia uses a SIM system that is very similar to EU standards. Since 2014 there are 14 main categories that require a driving license: A , A1 , B , B1 , C , C1 , D , D1 , BE , CE , C1E , DE , D1E , M and two additional categories: Tm ( tram) and Tb (trolleybus).
The current licensing style, introduced in 1999, is a laminated plastic card similar to a European SIM card in dimensions and outer appearance, with a photo and carrier name (in Latin and Cyrillic script) to the left, place/date of issue, category and signature allowed to the right. The reverse of the feature card is a detailed list of allowed categories in Russia. Old style-style licenses are also sometimes seen even though they are no longer published and increasingly scarce as a result. The Russian driver's license is also sometimes equipped with a special card called "??????????????????" (temporary permit), which serves to register violation points and as a temporary license if the primary license has been seized by the authorities for a serious traffic violation. This supplement has been abolished and recovered many times because the views of the traffic police changed.
The legal driving age in the Russian Federation is 18 years (16 for motorcycles ( A1 and M categories only, instead of A ) and 20 for buses) and to obtain a license someone must be physically fit to drive (including a mental fitness certificate and no substance abuse record). A person must also pass a test administered to the local traffic police authority and pay a fee. The test is divided into theory and practice. Theoretical test is usually a computerized multiple choice test on various traffic rules. Twenty multiple-choice questions are asked, only two wrong answers allow for passing grades. Road tests are then provided that include demonstrations of basic driving skills (steering, slope ranging for manual transmission vehicles and back-ups), obstacles as well as skill checks for road driving. Four minor faults allowed for the driving test on the road - the path of the obstacle failed. The number of retries is unlimited.
Swiss
Although Switzerland is a member country of EFTA, it is not a member of the European Economic Area. Switzerland, however, generally adopts many of the EU's harmonized laws relating to driving licenses. Swiss licenses may be exchanged in most EEA countries. Switzerland since the 2000s used the EU system for vehicle category and issued EEA credit card license.
To apply for a car driving license (category B), the applicant must be 18 years of age. They must first take a first-aid course, and pass a vision test. Passing a theoretical exam is required to receive a student permit that is valid for two years. This allows the holder to drive only if accompanied by adults aged 23 or over who have had full driving licenses for a minimum of three years. Before passing the practical exam, candidates must attend a 10 hour theoretical lesson on "sensibilisation (familiarization) for road traffic". Practical driving lessons are not legally required, but are considered a de facto prerequisite to pass the practice exams taken with the Government's official Government Test Test. After successful practical exams, the experimental driving license is issued for three years. To obtain full, unlimited driving license after three years, candidates should not commit serious traffic violations, and attend a further two days driving training.
For heavier motorcycles and vehicles, the rules are different, and some agrarian vehicles can be driven without a license. In 2011, the 45-minute driving lesson costs around CHF 90, while the various fees and the theoretical instruction fees associated with obtaining a car driving license can amount up to CHF 600, without counting the cost for a further two days of training.
Theoretical exams should be taken in German, French or Italian. In some areas it is possible to receive it in English.
Turkish
Turkey has been a member of the association since 1963, and its application to access the European Economic Community, the EU's predecessor, was made on April 14, 1987. Turkey signed the Customs Union agreement with the European Union in 1995 and is officially recognized as a candidate for full membership on December 12, 1999, at the Helsinki Council of Europe Summit.
On 1 January 2016 Turkey's new law on driving licenses was implemented. The change is intended to bring Turkey more in line with existing EU driving regulations and worrying about all road users in Turkey. Foreign nationals can drive in Turkey with EU license for 6 months. After 6 months, he had to turn it into a Turkish license. Applications may be made to the Traffic Registration office, and the foreign driver's license will not be returned to the holder. Instead, they will be sent to the publishers authority of the home country ie to UK citizens, DVLA. The DVLA says that expatriates can drive in the UK under Turkish licenses for up to 12 months, and if they want to settle back in the UK, Turkish licenses may be exchanged for UK licenses.
In Turkey you must be at least 18 years old to drive and at least 17 to ride a motorcycle. The driving test consists of practical tests and theory, which were recently made tougher to meet EU regulations.
North America
Canada
The age to obtain a driver's license in Canada varies by province, as well as the necessary procedures. Minimum age for obtaining driving licenses for unimpeded driving in most provinces is 16.
Barbados
In Barbados, a person aged 16 years or older may apply for a Learning License that allows them to drive for a certain period with a companion teacher. During that period they will be tested on their driving skills and their knowledge of traffic signs and traffic laws. When passing a written and driving test, the license is issued. After issuing a driver's license valid for a period of one to five years, depending on the period of time the driver chooses to pay. At the end of the period when the license is issued, it will become renewable on the last day of the driver's birth month and will be valid again for the period of time at which the payment is made. Visitors and non-nationals who are legitimate driver's licenses issued in their country of residence or origin are not permitted to drive automatically in Barbados but must go to the police station to have temporary local driver's licenses issued. Licenses are issued for the payment of fees and production of existing visitor licenses.
Costa Rica
Every driver of the vehicle must carry a driver's license (Licencia de Conducir), issued by COSEVI (Consejo de Seguridad Vial) from the ministry of transport and public infrastructure ( Ministerio de Obras PÃÆ'ºblicas y Transporte ).
In order for this license to be granted, there are three necessary tests, practical driving (including driving on simulated roads), driving theoretically (multiple choice tests written based on books issued by the education department or after a special course), and finally medical tests conducted by medical practitioners who test vision, blood pressure and prove the existence of other diseases and driver behavior.
Every citizen may request a driver's license at the age of 18, after the first issue, the license must be renewed after two years, and every opportunity after five years. Foreigners can also obtain a driver's license if they have a place to live.
In addition to this document, drivers must carry a national identity card ( CÃ © ra dula de Identidad ), but both documents use the same identification number, the national identity card becomes the basis of the SIM number.
El Salvador
All driver licenses are granted by the government agency SERTRACEN (Servicios de TrÃÆ'¡nsito Centroamericanos S.A. de C.V.).
One requires at least 15 years to receive a driver's license (youth license). To obtain a new license, a person must pass a vision test, a written test, and a driving test. These tests are given at an accredited driving school. Foreigners with licenses from other countries may obtain El Salvador license if they have a place to live. They must also pass the vision test. Driver's driver's license number is the same as that person's Tax ID.
The El Salvador License (as well as the vehicle's circulation card) contains a readable chip by placing the card on the chip reader.
There are several categories of driver licenses in El Salvador:
- Juvenil Special - License for minors, enabling them to drive cars and pickup trucks
- Motociclista - Motorcycle license
- Special - License for adult, for car, carrying up to 17 passengers, and pickup truck.
- Liviana - Taxis, light trucks up to 5 tons, and buses up to 30 passengers.
- Pesada - Buses more than 30 passengers, and trucks over 5 tons.
- Pesada T - Truck with more than 3 axles.
Jamaica
A citizen can obtain a student's permission after he is 17 years old. A student will get a driving license after proven competent through written and practical test results. This license expires on the fifth anniversary of the holder after the date of issue.
Mexico
Driving license in Mexico is governed by each state, and they all have different rules and conditions. However, all state driving licenses are recognized throughout Mexico, and international licenses with IDP are also recognized.
A driver is allowed to obtain a student license at the age of 15 (in some states), costs around 100 dollars, a year's duration, and has to drive with an adult at all times. At age 16, costs drop to 30 dollars, and a driver's license is issued with some restrictions on use, depending on the country (such as a curfew). When the driver is 18 years old, he is allowed to get a full license.
Trinidad and Tobago
In Trinidad and Tobago, you can obtain a student pass on your 17th birthday. The license to drive is usually referred to in Trinidad and Tobago as a Driving License. The Driving License is issued by the License Issuer Authority, which is governed by the Ministry of Works and Transport. To legally operate any motor vehicle in Trinidad and Tobago, whether it is on or off the public road, motor vehicle operators must have a valid driver's license to their person and legally supported for that class. vehicle. The contravention of the aforementioned can guarantee a fine of up to $ 1500 and imprisonment.
United States
The eligible age for the first time a driver's license varies from state to state, from 14 years, three months, in South Dakota to 17 in New Jersey. In most states, a person may obtain a license that allows driving without adult supervision at the age of 16, after passing the required test. Since SIM is an ordinary document that carries many important information needed for identification, it has become the primary method of identification in the United States.
In the United States, the driver's license is normally authorized to operate motor vehicles up to 26,000 pounds if there are no hazardous materials and no more than 16 persons (including motorists) are in the vehicle. Most areas of jurisdiction that permit driving only permit the holder to operate a road worthy vehicle consisting of four or more wheels. To operate a two-wheeled motor vehicle with an ongoing speed of over 30 mph (48 km/h) requires approval on the license, usually after successfully completing the (written) theory and practical tests.
At the federal level, motor vehicles weighing GCWR 26,001 pounds (11,794 kg) or more, vehicles designed to carry 16 or more passengers (including riders), or vehicles carrying hazardous materials may only be driven by operators carrying Commercial Driver License ( The Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act 1986). Upon successful completion of theory and practical testing, the endosment may be applied to the CDL to allow legal transport for special types of goods:
- T Semi Double or Triple trailer (Written Test)
- Certain countries are banning three trailers across the state, such as California, Florida, Michigan, and New York
- A Class A license is required for T support
- P Passenger Vehicle (Written and Driving Test)
- School Buses S (Written and Driving Test, Background Check, Gender Offenders Checklist and P Support)
- N Truck Tank (Written Test)
- H Hazardous Materials (Written Test and Background Inspection through Transportation Security Administration)
- X Combination of Tanker and Hazardous Materials (Written Test)
- Truck W Tow. (Written Test)
- M Motorcycle License (Written and Practical Test)
A variety of state laws also mandate that CDL should be held to operate vehicles not covered by federal law.
Oceania
Australia
Minimum driving age varies between 16 and 18 years in different countries and regions. After the minimum age, the licensing scheme passes in operation, with variations in status.
Cook Islands
The "License to Drive Motor Vehicles" in the Cook Islands is published at police headquarters in Rarotonga, to produce valid licenses from the country of origin of visitors. To use a scooter or motorbike (the main vehicle hired for tourists), a short test should be performed by anyone whose home permit applies only to cars, where a police officer observes the applicant who goes up and down the main capital road.
New Zealand
Since August 2011, the minimum age for obtaining a student license is 16 years in New Zealand; previously 15 years old.
There are three different driver license types in New Zealand: students, limited and full licenses. Student licenses allow people to drive, with many restrictions. The restricted license allows driving alone between 5 am and 10 pm, and requires the person to be 16 ½. Full licenses are limited to those aged 18 years and over, or 17 1/2 years if an approved advanced driving course has been successfully completed.
There are six different licensed vehicle classes:
South America
Brazil
Peru
Minimum age for driver's license is 18 years. This is obtained through tests in cars, computers and applicants must present a sight test that says they are allowed to drive
Organ donation
Licensing agencies in many countries add an organ donation option on the license form. Sometimes a small-hearted image or term Donor Organ is printed on a driver's license, to indicate that he or she has agreed to donate his organs in case of sudden death, such as after a collision.
In the United States, this is governed by the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act. In New Zealand and the Republic of Ireland, a willingness to donate organs for transplants is also included in the driver's license. In Australia, the system of recording requests for organ donations in licenses was changed in July 2005 with a national registration system and special card issues. In the United Kingdom (England, Wales and Scotland), the "115" code is printed on the back of the license to indicate that the details are on the National Organ Health Donor List (NHS).
International and interstate considerations
Many groups of countries have agreed to recognize the driver's license issued by the authority of each of its members. Examples include the European Union and GCC, where driver licensees issued by member countries may drive in all member countries. Most countries in the world will also recognize the license of foreign nationals who want to ride as a visitor. All EU member states now issue licenses in the standard format, regardless of the language of the license.
International Driving License (IDP) (sometimes incorrectly referred to as International Driver's License ) is a booklet which is an official translation of the driver's home license to many languages ​​(especially non-Latin script languages ​​such as Russian, Arabic , China, Japan, Korea, etc.). In some cases, obtained from automotive organizations such as the Automotive Association or equivalent in the driver's home country. In other cases, it is delivered by the same government service that provides the usual license. The IDP has no validity unless it is used in conjunction with the driver's own license. The existence of IDP is demanded by many countries who refuse to recognize a SIM written in a foreign language without any translation.
Temporary visitors from the United States to France (less than 90 days) are allowed to drive with valid state License. In addition to holding US driving licenses, visitors are advised (but not required) to carry an International Driving license, or attach a French translation to their state license.
China, currently, does not recognize the IDP and requires drivers to obtain additional Chinese licenses before being officially licensed on all roads. The foreign licensee is exempted from certain conditions when obtaining a Chinese license.
Minimum driving age often exists regardless of the ownership of foreign licenses; an American can not drive under the local minimum age in Europe, nor can he drive a 17-year-old Englishman in mainland Europe where the minimum age is 18.
Many countries have established licensing driver licensing arrangements after reviewing the licensing process of foreign jurisdictions. If standards in other jurisdictions are comparable in areas such as medical standards, minimum driving age, and road knowledge and testing, the exchange (or respect) of foreign jurisdiction licenses may occur. This can also be called Driver License Recipense.
Problems migrating permanently from one country or country to another
Most licensing authorities require foreign licensees who take shelter in their jurisdiction to obtain a local driver's license within a limited time, usually 6 months or 1 year. In most cases, drivers must follow full local procedures to obtain licenses, but some regions have joint recognition agreements and will exchange foreign licenses with local licenses without the need for additional driving tests.
The exception is the European Union, where licenses do not need to be exchanged since the introduction of the EU-licensed public licensing scheme.
Australia
Each state in Australia has different rules for how long visitors can drive with international licenses or licenses from other countries. For example, New South Wales allowed three months while Victoria allowed six months. Drivers that move permanently to other countries must change their license to a local state license within the specified time. It's usually free. In some states, fully licensed New Zealand drivers are treated as interstate drivers.
Canada
British Columbia has a reciprocal exchange exchange scheme with other Canadian provinces and territories as well as other countries that grant a valid license or have expired for less than three years. Ontario If you have a license (7L), granted by British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, you are not limited to accompanying supervisors while driving in Ontario, until you obtain your Complete License at the age of 18. has a reciprocal exchange exchange scheme for the provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian European Forces, and several other countries. Quebec has a reciprocal exchange exchange scheme for provinces and regions of Canada, Canada European Forces, American countries and other countries.
French
US country driver licenses may be exchanged from the 15 states below during the first year of legal residence in France: Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, New Hampshire, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin.
If you are a resident of France (holder of carte de sÃÆ'  © jour or carte de residence), you may drive in France with a valid country license for a one-year recognition period, starting on the validity date of the first carte de sà © jour (exceptions for students who allowed to use their driver's license during their studies). In addition to having a US state driving license, residents are also required to attach a French translation by a sworn translator, or a traducteur expert or traducteur assermentà ©  © .
German
The US Embassy, ​​backed by the American Chamber of Commerce in Germany, continues to actively suppress all US federal states, territories and districts to reach an agreement on mutual recognition of driver licenses with Germany, essentially a waiver of the testing requirements.
If approved, drivers from Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, South Dakota , Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Washington State, Wisconsin, and Wyoming will be exempt from the road and a written driving test.
If approved, drivers from Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Indiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee will be released from road tests only.
Hong Kong
As stated in the application form for the direct issue of a full Hong Kong driving license (Rev. 11/2008), when a person has documentary evidence to the Commissioner for the satisfaction of Transportation that all of the following apply, the person is entitled to Hong Kong license:
- The person has held the full driving license (not the International Driving Permit) for three years issued by one of the following countries or regions: Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Guernsey, Iceland, India, Ireland, Isle of Man, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jersey, Luxembourg, Macao, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland , South Africa, South Korea, Namibia, Taiwan, United Kingdom, and the United States.
- The driving rights (s) for which they apply must be equivalent to the class authorized to be ridden by the country or place where they are issued; and
- A driving license is obtained by providing a relevant driving test in the country or region that issued it; and
- Meets one of the three conditions below:
- This license was originally issued on any date during the period of residence of not less than 6 months in the country or place of issue (passport and departure marks on a passport, school transcript or employer's testimony with specified period of service received as evidence) ; or
- The license has been issued no less than 5 years before the application; or
- Hold an equivalent passport or travel document from the country or territory where the license was issued.
Singapore
Foreigners aged 18 years or older and holding a Work Permit/Passport/Student Pass may be able to drive in Singapore under a valid 3A, 3A or 2B foreign license for a period of not more than 12 months. Singapore's driving license is required after 12 months. Those who make short term social visits can drive with their foreign license for up to 12 months each time they enter Singapore. For licenses not written in English, International Driving Permits or translations are required.
Foreign license conversion is only granted for class 2B and class 3 quality driving license.
To convert your foreign license to a Singapore SIM, you must pass the Basic Theoretical Test (BTT). Overseas theory test results are not accepted for consideration.
Swedish
Persons in Sweden who have a foreign license may exchange it to a Swedish license, if it is from an EU country, an EEA country, Switzerland, or Japan. Foreign licenses apply if the holder has not lived in Sweden for more than a year (and some other terms).
United Kingdom
The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), which licenses drivers in the United Kingdom (England, Scotland and Wales), but not Northern Ireland, exchanges full licenses issued by:
- Northern Ireland (despite being part of the UK, a driving license was issued by the Northern Territory Driver and Vehicle (DVA),
- Countries within the EEA and Switzerland,
- The British Crown dependencies (Guernsey, Jersey and Isle of Man)
- Gibraltar and other British Foreign Territories,
- Australia, Barbados, Faroe Islands, Hong Kong, Japan, Monaco, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.
- Canada (by default, a Canadian driver's license will only be exchanged for a license to drive an automatic transmission vehicle, unless documentary evidence is provided that a manual shift test is authorized in Canada)
United States
Driver Licenses from US states apply to temporary use in other US states, although most countries require a person to have a license issued by their primary residence country. Most countries allow residents to change licenses outside the state into licenses in states without written tests or additional roads.
Delaware has mutual licensing exchanges for Germany, France and Taiwan to enable the licensee to obtain a Delaware license without a written test or additional road.
The District of Columbia driver's license may be obtained while maintaining a driver's license abroad. Driver's license D.C. may vary for non-US citizens, depending on the visa classification. Written tests are required for non-US nationals who have a driving license abroad.
Florida has mutual licensing agreements with South Korea, allowing South Korean licenses to be redeemed for Florida licenses, and vice versa, without taking a written or road test.
New York State driver's license may be obtained by residents of other countries. If the driver has a driver's license from any country except Canada, they must pass a written test, complete a 5-hour pre-licensed course and pass a road test to qualify for a driving license.
Texas does not require drivers from Canada, France, Germany, or Taiwan to take a written and practical test. But the driver must still approve the vision test.
Washington State has mutual licensing exchanges, allowing legitimate licensees from other US states, British Columbia, Germany, South Korea and Taiwan to exchange their licenses for the Washington State license without taking a written test or road test.
Virginia has mutual agreements with Canada, France, and Germany. The test of knowledge and skills can be revoked if the driver meets the residency and other requirements.
See also
- Commercial driver license
- Driver Education
- Student permissions
- International Driving Permit
- Road traffic security
- Vehicle category
- List of countries by minimum driving age
References
External links
- Information from the European Union in driving licenses across the Community
- Driving License General Office Information (Japan)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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