The California Air Resources Board ( CARB or ARB ) is the "clean air agency" in the California government. Founded in 1967 when then governor Ronald Reagan signed the Mulford-Carrell Act, incorporating the Air Sanitation Bureau and the Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Agency, CARB is a department within the California Environmental Protection Agency.
The stated objectives of CARB include achieving and maintaining sound air quality; protecting people from exposure to toxic air contaminants; and provides an innovative approach to compliance with air pollution regulations and regulations. CARB also plays a role in driving innovation across the global automotive industry through programs such as its ZEV mandate.
One of the responsibilities of CARB is to determine vehicle emission standards. California is the only country that is allowed to issue emission standards under the federal Clean Air Act, which is subject to the release of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Other countries may choose to follow CARB or federal standards but may not set themselves.
Video California Air Resources Board
Pemerintahan
The CARB government council consisted of 14 members, soon to be 16 with 2 members being non-voting.
Six members of the board appointed by the governor are selected from regional air pollution control or air quality management districts, including each of:
- AQMD Bay Area (San Francisco Bay Area), currently John Gioia
- San Diego County APCD, currently Ron Roberts
- San Joaquin Valley APCD, currently Alexander Sherriffs, M.D.
- South Coast AQMD, currently Judy Mitchell
- A Sacramento-area area: Sacramento Metropolitan AQMD, Yolo-Solano AQMD, Placer County APCD, Feather River AQMD, or El Dorado County AQMD, currently Phil Serna
The three members of the board appointed by the governor are experts in automotive engineering, currently Dan Sperling; science, agriculture, or law, is currently John Eisenhut; and medicine, currently John R. Balmes, M.D. The three remaining representatives of the governor are members of the public, including air pollution control experts or any of the above-mentioned fields.
Two board members appointed by the board members work directly with people affected by air pollution. They are currently Diane Takvorian and Dean Florez, each appointed by the Assembly and the Senate.
Maps California Air Resources Board
Organizational structure
CARB has nine major divisions:
- Administration Service Division
- Enforcement Division
- Resource Controls Division
- Emissions Compliance, Automotive Rules, and Science Division
- Monitoring and Laboratory Division
- Office of Information Services
- Air Quality Planning and Science Division
- Research Division
- Toxins and Transportation Division
- Industrial Strategy Division
Air Quality Planning and Science Division
This division assesses the extent to which air quality problems in California and the progress made to mitigate them, coordinate the development of clean air plans across the state and maintain databases relating to air quality and emissions. The job support technical division provides the basis for clean air plans and CARB regulatory programs. This support includes the management and interpretation of emissions inventory, air quality data, meteorological data and air quality modeling.
Air Quality Planning and Science Division has five branches:
- Emissions Inventory Branch
- Modeling & amp; Branch of Meteorology
- Air Quality Data Branch
- Air Quality & amp; Transportation Planning Branch
- Branch Mobile Source Analysis
Atmospheric & amp; Support section
Atmospheric Modeling & amp; The Support section is one of three sections in Modeling & amp; Branch of Meteorology. The other two sections are Regional Air Quality Modeling Section and Meteorology Section.
The air quality and atmospheric pollution distribution model routinely used by this Section includes a number of models recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This section uses a model developed by CARB or its development funded by CARB, such as:
- CALPUFFÃ, - Originally developed by Sigma Research Company (SRC) under contract with CARB. Currently managed by TRC Solutions Company under contract with EPA AS.
- CALGRIDÃ, - Developed by CARB and currently managed by CARB.
- SARMAPÃ, - Developed by CARB and is currently managed by CARB.
Role in reducing greenhouse gas
Alternative Fuel Vehicle Incentives Program
The Alternative Fuel Vehicle Incentive Program (also known as Fuel Alternative) is funded by the California Air Resources Board (CARB), which is offered throughout the State of California and is managed by the California Center for Sustainable Energy (CCSE).
California California zero-emissions vehicles
The CARB ZEV program is enacted by the California government to promote the use of zero emission vehicles. The program's goal is to reduce air pollution affecting major metropolitan areas in the state, particularly in Los Angeles, where prolonged episodes of pollution are common. The first decision is the 1990 Emissions Vehicle Program (LEV I).
The first definition is derived from California ZEV rules, adopted as part of the 1990 Emissions Low Vehicle Program (LEV I) mandated by CARB. The ZEV regulations have evolved and have been modified several times since 1990, and some partial or low emission partial categories are created and defined as follows:
- LEV (The Lowest Emissions Vehicle): The least stringent emissions standard for all new cars sold in California after 2004.
- ULEV (Ultra Low Emission Vehicle): 50% cleaner than the average 2003 model vehicle.
- SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle): This vehicle emits levels of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and particles much lower than conventional vehicles. They are 90% cleaner than the average 2003 new model vehicle.
- PZEV (Partial Zero Emission Vehicle): Meets SULEV exhaust pipe standards, has a warranty of 15 years/150,000 miles, and zero evaporative emissions. This vehicle is 80% cleaner than the average model car of 2002.
- AT PZEV: This is an advanced technology vehicle that meets the PZEV standards and includes technologies that enable ZEV. They are 80% cleaner than the average model car of 2002.
- ZEV (Zero Emission Vehicle): Zero exhaust emissions, and 98% cleaner than the average 2003 new model vehicle.
The Low Emissions Vehicle Program is currently being revised to establish a modified ZEV rule for the 2015 model year. CARB estimates the ZEV program will generate 15% of ZEV sales by 2025. Share remains at 3% between 2014 and 2016. The battery vehicle receives 3 or 4 credit, while fuel cars receive 9. By 2016, credit has a market value of $ 3-4,000, and some car makers have more credits than is necessary. CARB voted unanimously in March 2017 to require car manufacturers an average of 54.5 mpg for new cars by 2025.
Low-carbon fuel standards
The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) requires refineries and distributors to ensure that the fuel mixture they sell in the California market meets the specified greenhouse gas emission reduction targets measured in CO2 gram equivalents per unit of fuel energy sold for transportation purposes. LCFS Governor's 2007 directive calls for a reduction of at least 10% in the carbon footprint of California's transportation fuels by 2020. This reduction includes not only exhaust emissions but also all other associated emissions from the transportation, distribution, and use of transportation within the state.. Therefore, California LCFS considers a full life cycle of fuel, also known as "good for wheels" or "seeds for wheels" transportation fuel efficiency. This standard aims to reduce the state's dependence on petroleum, create a market for clean transport technology, and stimulate the production and use of low-carbon alternative fuels in California.
On April 23, 2009, CARB approved a special rule for LCFS which will be effective in January 2011. The proposed rules prepared by its technical staff are approved by a 9-1 vote, to establish a maximum carbon intensity reference value of 2020 to 86 grams of carbon dioxide released per megajoule of energy resulting from.
PHEV Research Center
PHEV Research Center was launched with funding from the California Air Resources Board.
See also
- California Air Resources Board
- List of California Air District
- Bay Area Air Quality Management District
- South Coast Air Quality Management District
- 2008 Trucks and Big City Bus Rules in California
- Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Achievement Program
- More
- Bioenergy Action Plan
- California Center for Sustainable Energy
- California Rule Rules
- California Energy Commission
- California Environmental Protection Agency
- California Public Utilities Commission
- Carl Moyer Program
- Climate change in California
- California Ecology
- Emission standards
- Emissions trading
- Greenhouse gases
- GHG emissions by the United States
- Million Solar Roofs (SB 1)
- Plug-in hybrid in California
- Pollution in California
- Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
- The US environment and major health regulatory time line
- Standard Texas Low Emission Diesel
- Upstream emission factors
- US Emission Standard
- Acronyms and abbreviations of vehicles
- Ventura County Air Pollution Control Area
- Who Kills Electric Cars?
- The zero-emission vehicle
References
External links
- Website California Air Resources Portal
- CARB Emissions Low Car Rules and Test Procedures
- CARB website page on Climate Change
- Verify the CARB Diesel Emission Control Strategy
- News
- California charts course to fight global warming: California's greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent over the next 12 years.
- The California Air Council announced plans to trade carbon credits.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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