White Motor Company was the American automobile, truck, bus and tractor manufacturer from 1900 to 1980. The company also produces bicycles, roller skates, automatic lathes and sewing machines. Prior to World War II, the company was headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio. Division of White Diesel Engines in Springfield, Ohio, produces a diesel engine generator, which drives US military equipment and infrastructure, the launch complex of the Nike Army and Bomarc Air Force, and the installation and verification of other guided missiles, from SAGE and DEW Line stations, radar, combat hint centers and other ground facilities from US aerospace defense rings, such as the Texas Tower. During the Vietnam era, the company maintained its position on the list of 100 Highest Defense Contractors (87th rank in Fiscal Year 1965, 77 in 1967, 73rd in 1968, 89 in 1969). Its production facilities, such as the Lansing lorry plant in Lansing, Michigan, and the main plant in Cleveland are involved in the production, inspection, engineering and maintenance of thousands of M39/M44, M44, M600, and M602 truck cargo trucks and spare parts, such as heads cylinder, diesel and gasoline engines with accessories.
Video White Motor Company
History
Around 1898, Thomas H. White bought Locomobile steamers and found his kettle unreliable. His son, Rollin, set out to improve his design. Rollin White develops a form of water vapor generator tube which consists of a series of rolled stacks with two new features: the first is that all rolls join at the top of the unit, allowing water to flow only when pumped, allowing control of the steam generation; the second draws the vapor from the lowest coil, closest to the flame, which allows the control of the vapor temperature. This second point is very important because White Steamers are operated with super hot steam to take advantage of steam properties at higher temperatures. Rollin White patented his steam generator, US patent 659,837 in 1900.
White steamer
Rollin H. White patented his new design and offered it to, among other things, Locomobile. Finally, he persuaded his father, the founder of the White Sewing Machine Company, to allow the use of corners in one of his buildings to build cars.
White's brother, Windsor, who is a management talent, joins business, followed by their brother, Walter, who becomes instrumental in selling, promoting and distributing products. The first group consisting of fifty cars was completed in October 1900, but nothing was offered to the public until April 1901 so the design could be tested thoroughly. Since the cars were offered by the auto department of the sewing machine company, White was unable to reduce the reputation of the parent company by introducing untested products.
It was necessary in 1905 to separate the car department from its parent company to accommodate business growth and physically separate them, as fires at one can damage both operations. On July 4, 1905, a race steam car named "Whistling Billy" and driven by Webb Jay set a 73.75 mph (118.69 km/h) record at Morris Park Racecourse.
The 1907 white steamer was one of the earliest vehicles in the White House when Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, allowed the Secret Service to use the car behind his horse-drawn carriage. In 1909, president William Howard Taft converted the White House enclosure into a garage and bought four cars: two Pierce-Arrows, Baker Electric, and 1911 White. This $ 4,000 car was one of the last steam cars to be produced and proved to be a favorite of the President who used a steam blast against the "dandy" press photographer. The 40Ã, hp (30Ã, kW) White Model M 7-seat turer produces a favorable press for the newly formed White Motor Company. Taft's White Model M is currently housed in a collection at Heritage Museums and Gardens in Sandwich, Massachusetts.
The last steam car was built in January 1911 when the company made the transition to a gasoline-powered vehicle. The company continued to show them in their catalogs until the end of 1912. About 10,000 White Steam-powered cars were built, more than the better known Stanley.
Gasoline models
Manufacturing facilities of white companies expanded. White steamers use unique technology, and it's vulnerable in a market that accepts internal combustion engines as standard. White researched existing gas producers and granted the right license for Delahaye's design for "gas cars", which showed the chassis at the British automotive exhibition in December 1908.
White tractor
Rollin became more interested in agricultural tractors, and developed designs for tractors derived from standard White truck parts. When the White Company was not interested in producing tractors, Rollin began to develop his own design and, together with Clarence's brother, eventually founded Cleveland Motor Plow, which later became a Cletrac tractor. In the early 1920s, Rollin briefly produced Rollin cars to diversify the tractor company, but found it could not compete in cost versus price with much larger manufacturers.
White succeeded with their heavy machinery, which saw service around the world during World War I. White has remained in the trucking industry for decades.
Trucking Manufacturing
White Motor Company ended production of cars after World War I and began producing trucks. The company immediately sold 10 percent of all trucks made in the US. Although White produced all truck sizes from light to semi-shipping, the decision was taken after World War II to produce only large trucks. White acquired several trucking companies so far: Sterling, Autocar (1953), Diamond T, and REO. White also agreed to sell Consolidated Freightways, Freightliner trucks through its own dealer. The truck produced white under the name plate of Autocar after the acquisition. Diamond T and REO Motor Car Company became the REO Diamond division, which was discontinued in the 1970s.
A semi-white performing role in the 1949 James Cagney film White Heat . This era may be the peak of the White Motor market penetration, with large gasoline-engined tractors that move most of the tractor trailer fleet.
White designed and (with other companies) produced the M3 Scout Car , a standard US Army reconnaissance vehicle at the start of World War II. White also builds M2 , M3 , M13 , and M16 half the tracks.
In 1967, White started the Western Star division to sell trucks on the west coast.
White bus
In the 1930s, White produced 500 small buses Model 706 designed specifically to transport passengers through the main National Park in the western US. A typical vehicle, with a convertible convertible canvas top, is the product of renowned industrial designer Alexis de Sakhnoffsky, and was originally operated in seven National Parks. Today, Glacier National Park operates 33 of their original 35 buses, where they are referred to as "Red Jammers", and 8 (of the original 98) have been restored for new services in Yellowstone National Park. 33 Glacier National Park buses were restored by Ford Motor Company and TransGlobal in 2000-2002, while eight Yellowstone National Park buses were restored by TransGlobal in 2007. Glacier keeps one bus in original condition. Yellowstone has five White buses in original condition, two 706 models and three older units as well. In addition, Gettysburg National Battlefield operates two original Yellowstone buses.
Corporate culture
During that time, Walter and Windsor White brothers run the company, offering library branches, low-cost needs stores, sports teams and concerts by orchestra and jazz bands, and musical performances by workers, many of whom are immigrants from Slovenia and Poland. The company also has a picnic at Euclid Beach Park.
After Walter White died of a traffic accident, management changed and so did the corporate culture. Employees started one of the country's first car unions. The Great Depression led to a drop in sales, forcing White to join Studebaker. However, White soon became independent again.
In 1935, Robert Fager Black became president, but the workers were still unhappy, and they broke down. Black tries to talk to the attacking workers, and he even brings them baseball equipment and lets them play when they're on strike, so they have to do something. People who study people's names, often visit factories, and ask customers whether they're happy with what they're buying. Anyone can visit his office.
Black brought the company back to what was once World War II, where the company supplied military equipment with a lot of equipment. White ranked 54th among US companies in the contract value of PDII military production. When husbands go to serve, wives take their jobs, and labor totals over 4000. Black provides company-owned services at one time, and helps employees work with carpool.
Black retired in 1956, still loved by employees.
Demise
In 1953, White bought the Autocar Company. From 1951 to 1977, White Motors also distributed Freightliner trucks. This happens under an agreement with Freightliner's parents, Consolidated Freightways. White production trucks with their own brands - White, Autocar, and Western Star - also, led to a company known as the "Big Four" until the mid-1970s. The Sterling nameplate, which was not used by White as long as the company owned it, went to Freightliner after the company was divided; it was used from 1997 to 2008, by Daimler Trucks.
Sales declined during the 1960s, and White tried to join White Consolidated Industries, the company that once built sewing machines; the federal government blocked this deal. Companies open factories in Virginia and Utah, because they do not have unions, but this does not help. Semon E. "Bunkie" Knudsen, former president of Ford Motor Company, made this company a success for a while, but the downturn continues. Later, the federal government approved a merger with White Consolidated, which is feared to be hurt by the White Motor issue. Mergers with Daimler and Renault are also considered. Production was somewhat limited because White did not have a lighter range (13,330 units built in 1978), leading to several attempts to connect with various European producers.
In 1980, White went bankrupt. Volvo AB acquired the company's US assets in 1981, while two Calgary-based energy companies, Alberta, Bow Valley Resource Services, and NovaCorp, the Alberta company, purchased Canadian assets, including Kelowna, British Columbia, Western Star and various products.
Volvo produced trucks as White and Autocar throughout the 1980s, while Western Star continued independently in Canada and the United States, although Volvo-White, which manufactures high cabs on machine models, is bought and rebaded < i> Western Star for sale in the Canadian market until the early 1990s.
In 1988, Volvo and General Motors combined their heavy truck divisions in North America, creating the Volvo GM Heavy Truck Corporation and a new truck brand, White-GMC. Western Star was sold to Australian entrepreneur Terry Peabody in 1990. In 1995, Volvo bought General Motors shares in their joint venture and trimmed the White-GMC vehicle under Volvo and Autocar nameplates. Subsequently, the Western Star was resold by Peabody to DaimlerChrysler AG and joined the Freightliner subsidiary. Volvo dropped any references to White, and now Volvo Trucks North America. Autocar remained a part of Volvo until 2000, when the trademark was withdrawn from the market, and then sold to Grand Vehicle Works along with a low-pressure forward duty forward Xpeditor product, which remained manufactured under the Autocar badge, the last remaining of what was once a commercial vehicle manufacturer leading American.
A former White subsidiary, White Farm Equipment, produced agricultural tractors until 2001. In 2006, the only product made under the White name was a series of corn growers (made by AGCO) and garden tractors (made by MTD Products).
Maps White Motor Company
Products
See also
- Oliver Heritage Magazine
- White armored car
- The White Livestock Equipment
- White Sewing Machine Company
- White-Westinghouse
References
- "American Truck & Bus Spotter: 1920-1985," by Tad Burness
- "White Trucks of the 1950s At Work" by Barry R. Bertram
- "White Trucks of the 1960s At Work" by Barry R. Bertram
External links
- Move
- Car history - Ritzsite.nl
- Image of White Truck - Barraclou.com
- Image of White Truck - Hank Truck Image
- 1945 ads for White Bus
- Cletrac and Oliver Tractors
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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