European driving license is a driving license that replaces many of the driving license styles already in use in the member states of the European Economic Area (EEA) (all 28 EU member states and 3 EFTA member states: Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway ). It has a credit card style with photos and maybe a microchip. They were introduced to replace 110 different plastic and paper driving licenses of 300 million drivers in the EEA. The main purpose of the license is to reduce the risk of fraud.
Driving licenses issued by EEA member countries, are recognized throughout the EEA and may be used for as long as it applies, drivers are old enough to drive equivalent category vehicles, and licenses are not suspended or restricted and have not been revoked in the issuing country. If the EEA's driving license holders move to another EEA country, the license may be exchanged for a driver's license from a new EEA country. However, since all EEA driving licenses are recognized throughout the EEA, there is no need to trade them.
Exceptions are for those who hold EEA driving licenses issued in exchange for a non-EEA license. When holding a converted license, one should not assume that the license can be exchanged when moving to another EEA country. This only applies when permanently moving to a different EEA country. As a tourist, an EEA license issued in exchange for a non-EEA license is recognized throughout the EEA.
Video European driving licence
History
European pre-1996 driving license
The first step to obtain a European Driving License was taken on 4 December 1980, when the Council of Ministers adopted Council Directive 80/1263/EEC on the introduction of Community License, which established a national model of the Community model that ensures mutual recognition by the Member States of the national license. It also establishes the practice of licensing exchange by a mobile holder from one Member State to another.
European driver license starting 1996
On July 29, 1991, the Council of Ministers adopted the Council of the EU Directive 91/439/EEC on a driving license. The Directive requires the EU Member States to adopt a law that implements a directive prior to 1 July 1994, whose law will take effect on 1 July 1996. The Directive 80/1263/EEC will be revoked on the same date. Directive 91/439/EEC establishes EU driving license until its lifting January 19, 2013.
Terms
The Council of the European Union Directive 91/439/EEC reconciles the categories of driver licenses between Member States and sets out two Community SIM models, one paper version and one plastic card version. Furthermore, it establishes mandatory knowledge (theory) tests and skills and behavior tests (practical) that must be passed before an individual is offered a driving license. It also requires the applicant to meet minimum standards of physical and mental fitness for driving. The instructions specify a minimum age for driving different types of vehicles, and establish progressive access in categories A, C, and D, from light vehicles to larger or stronger vehicles. The directive specifies that it is mandatory to have a normal residence in the Member State issuing the license.
Amendments
The instructions have been largely changed with nine directions and two accessions. The plastic card version of the Community license model, for example, was added to the Directive by Council Directive 96/47/EC on July 23, 1996.
European driver license since 2013
In March 2006, the Council of Ministers adopted a Directive proposed by the European Commission to create a European driving license to replace 110 different models currently existing throughout the EU/EEA. The European Parliament adopted the Directive in December 2006. Directive 2006/126/EEC was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on December 30, 2006. The provisions come into force on 19 January 2013; Directive 91/439/EEC is then simultaneously revoked.
Terms
License is a credit card document, a single plastic-lined document, very difficult to forge. This document will be renewable every 10 or 15 years depending on the member country. Some member states will have the option to enter a microchip containing information about the cardholder on the card.
Some categories such as C and D will be issued only for five years. After expiration, a medical examination is required to renew the license for another five years.
Relevance of EEA
The Directive Directive 2006/126/EC states that it has the relevance of the European Economic Area (EEA), which means that its provisions apply to all 28 EU member states, as well as Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, through incorporation into agreements on the EEA.
Implementation
The directive specifies that all 31 EEA member countries should adopt a law that implements the directive by January 19, 2011. The law will apply in all EEA member states on January 19, 2013. All licenses issued before that date will become invalid by 2033.
Member countries participating
In 2013, 31 EEA member countries participated. This coincides with 28 EU members plus 3 of the 4 member countries of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). The fourth member state of EFTA, Switzerland, is not a party to the EEA treaty, and is in fact linked to the EU with a series of bilateral agreements.
Maps European driving licence
Labeling of standard data fields
To help users of different languages ​​to understand what each data field on the license contains, they are labeled with a number. Legends are usually reserved on the back of the card in authoritative language.
- surname
- given name
- birth date, birthplace
- a) the date of issuance, b) expiry date, c) issuing authority, d) personal number
- license number
- photo holder
- holder's signature
- Address
- the license category
- the first issue date of category
- expiration date of category Restrictions
- (coded numbers)
- space reserved for possible entries by Member States Members of essential information for managing licenses (barcodes (private numbers))
- space reserved for the possibility of entry by a Member State that issues essential information licenses to manage licenses or in connection with road safety (optional).
Note
- a Although the EU directive states, this becomes another name, local variations can occur
- b The addition of a private number is a local variation. 4 (d) is optional and must be a number other than those listed under number 5
- c Address is optional and not implemented by all countries
- d Norwegian and Swedish: dashes (-) displayed instead of birth place .
Switzerland: place of origin rather than place of birth.
Categories apply to all EEA member countries
National category in EEA member country
There are other national categories for tractors, large motorcycles, motorized boats, motorized rickshaws (modern voiturettes, Category B1 or S), and military categories such as for driving tanks. National categories mean they are out of sync and apply only in the issuing country. The table below is a general description that does not include full details of the rules.
Austria
Bulgarian
Croatian
German
Hungarian
ireland
Latvian
Norwegian
Polish
Slovenia
Switzerland
Although Switzerland is a member country of EFTA, it is not a member of the European Economic Area. Switzerland, however, generally adopts many of the EU's harmonized laws relating to driving licenses. Swiss licenses may be exchanged in most EEA countries. Switzerland since the 2000s used the EU system for vehicle category and issued EEA credit card license.
To apply for a car driving license (category B), the applicant must be at least 18 years of age. They must first take a first-aid course and pass a vision test. Passing a theoretical exam is required to receive a valid student license/license for two. This allows the holder to drive only if accompanied by a person, aged 23 or over, who has had a full driving license for a minimum of three years. Before passing the practical exam, candidates must attend a 10 hour theoretical lesson on "the introduction of road traffic". Practical driving lessons are not legally required but are considered a de facto prerequisite to pass the practice exams taken with the official Government Test Driver Test. After successful practical exams, the experimental driving license is issued for three years. To obtain full, unlimited driving license after three years, candidates should not commit serious traffic violations and attend a further two days driving training.
For heavier motorcycles and vehicles, the rules are different, and some agrarian vehicles can be driven without a license. In 2011, a 45-minute driving lesson costs about 90 CHF, while the various fees and the theoretical instruction fees associated with obtaining a car driving license can amount up to CHF 600, without calculating the cost for a further two days of training.
Theoretical exams must be taken in German, French, or Italian. In some areas, it is possible to retrieve it in English.
Gallery
See also
- Driving license
- European Commissioner for Transportation
- International driving license
- Vehicle registration plates from the European Union
- European Health Insurance Card
References
External links
- http://www.workpermit.com/news/2006_12_18/eu/european_driving_license.htm
- http://www.euractiv.com/en/transport/single-europe-wide-driving-licence-2013/article-160496
- http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6180617.stm
- http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Motoring/DriverLicensing/WhatCanYouDriveAndYourObligations/DG_4022547
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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